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首页> 外文期刊>The FEBS journal >Lignin-degrading enzymes
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Lignin-degrading enzymes

机译：木质素降解酶

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A main goal of green biotechnology is to reduce our dependence on fossil reserves and to increase the use of renewable materials. For this, lignocellulose, which is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, represents the most promising feedstock. The latter is a complex aromatic heteropolymer formed by radical polymerization of guaiacyl, syringyl, and p-hydroxyphenyl units linked by -aryl ether linkages, biphenyl bonds and heterocyclic linkages. Accordingly, lignin appears to be a potentially valuable renewable aromatic chemical, thus representing a main pillar in future biorefinery. The resistance of lignin to breakdown is the main bottleneck in this process, although a variety of white-rot fungi, as well as bacteria, have been reported to degrade lignin by employing different enzymes and catabolic pathways. Here, recent investigations have expanded the range of natural biocatalysts involved in lignin degradation/modification and significant progress related to enzyme engineering and recombinant expression has been made. The present review is focused primarily on recent trends in ligninolytic green biotechnology to suggest the potential (industrial) application of ligninolytic enzymes. Future perspectives could include synergy between natural enzymes from different sources (as well as those obtained by protein engineering) and other pretreatment methods that may be required for optimal results in enzyme-based, environmentally friendly, technologies.
机译：绿色生物技术的主要目标是减少我们对化石储量的依赖并增加对可再生材料的利用。为此，由纤维素，半纤维素和木质素组成的木质纤维素是最有前途的原料。后者是通过由-芳基醚键，联苯键和杂环键连接的愈创木脂酰基，丁香基和对羟基苯基单元的自由基聚合形成的复杂的芳族杂聚物。因此，木质素似乎是潜在有价值的可再生芳香族化学品，因此代表了未来生物精炼的主要支柱。木质素对分解的抗性是该过程中的主要瓶颈，尽管据报道，多种白腐真菌和细菌通过采用不同的酶和分解代谢途径降解木质素。在此，最近的研究扩大了木质素降解/修饰中涉及的天然生物催化剂的范围，并且在酶工程和重组表达方面取得了重大进展。目前的审查主要集中在木质素分解绿色生物技术的最新趋势，以建议木质素分解酶的潜在（工业）应用。未来的观点可能包括不同来源的天然酶（以及通过蛋白质工程获得的天然酶）与其他预处理方法之间的协同作用，而这些预处理方法可能需要基于酶的，环境友好的技术来获得最佳效果。

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