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Cytoskeleton changes and impaired motility of monocytes at modelled low gravity

机译:模拟低重力下单核细胞的细胞骨架变化和运动能力受损

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Investigations performed in space have shown that gravity changes affect important cellular mechanisms like proliferation, differentiation, genetic expression, cytoskeletal architecture, and motility in lymphocytes, monocytes, and other mammualian cells. In particular, a dramatic depression of the mitogenic in vitro activation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes was observed at low gravity. The hypothesis of the present work is that a reduced interaction between T lymphocytes and monocytes, essential for the second signalling pathway, might be one of the reasons for the observed depression of the in vitro activation of human lymphocytes. Cell motility and with it a continuous rearrangement of the cytoskeletal network within the cell is essential for cell-to-cell contacts. Whereas nonactivated lymphocytes in Suspension Lire highly motile at low gravity, no data are available so far on the motility of adherent monocytes. It thus can be argued that impaired monocyte locomotion and cytoskeletal changes could be responsible for a reduced interaction of monocytes with T lymphocytes. In this study, the locomotion ability of J-111 cells, an adherent monocyte cell line, attached to colloidal gold particles oil coverslips and exposed to modelled low gravity in the random positioning machine was found to be severely reduced compared with that of controls and the structures of actin, tubulin, and vinculin were affected.
机译:在太空中进行的研究表明,重力变化会影响重要的细胞机制,例如淋巴细胞,单核细胞和其他哺乳动物细胞的增殖,分化,基因表达,细胞骨架结构和运动性。特别地,在低重力下观察到人外周血淋巴细胞的促有丝分裂体外活化的显着降低。本工作的假设是,T淋巴细胞和单核细胞之间的相互作用减少,这是第二条信号通路必不可少的,这可能是观察到的人类淋巴细胞体外活化抑制作用的原因之一。细胞运动以及随之而来的细胞内细胞骨架网络的连续重排对于细胞间接触至关重要。悬浮液中的未活化淋巴细胞在低重力下具有较高的运动能力,但迄今为止尚无粘附单核细胞运动性的数据。因此可以认为,单核细胞运动和细胞骨架改变的受损可能是导致单核细胞与T淋巴细胞相互作用减少的原因。在这项研究中,发现J-111细胞(一种附着的单核细胞系)附着在胶体金颗粒油盖玻片上并在随机定位机中暴露于模型低重力下的运动能力与对照组相比大大降低了,肌动蛋白,微管蛋白和纽蛋白的结构受到影响。

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