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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Effect of cadmium on pollen germination and tube growth in Lilium longiflorum and Nicotiana tabacum
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Effect of cadmium on pollen germination and tube growth in Lilium longiflorum and Nicotiana tabacum

机译：镉对长花百合和烟草的花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响

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摘要

Cadmium had a highly toxic effect on pollen germination and tube growth, which were greatly inhibited as metal concentrations increased. Cadmium concentrations up to 10(-2) M completely stopped pollen germination and pollen showed an increasing tendency to burst within 1 h. At low concentrations, the metal caused a slight stimulation of pollen germination, growth rate and tube elongation at the initial stages of tube development. Comparing the two plants studied, cadmium was more toxic for Nicotiana tabacum than for Lilium longiflorum pollen. Pollen tubes showed a range of strong morphological abnormalities, characterized by uneven or aberrant growth, including apical branching or swelling at the tip of the pollen tube. Cell wall intrusions at or near the tip were evident on the inner side, whereas a loose network formed from fibrillar material was observed on the outer layers. After prolonged cadmium exposure, round (ball-like) aggregates were embedded in a fine fibrillar network. Increased cadmium concentrations (10(-3)-10(-2) M) decreased or completely paralyzed cytoplasmic streaming. No typical cytoplasmic zonation existed, while cell organelles (plastids, lipid droplets) were relocated toward the tip. The vesicular apical zone was drastically reduced, with vesicles dispersed into the subapical region. Mitochondria were distributed throughout the subapical region and among the vesicles of the tube apex. Visible ultrastructural changes in cell organelles were not observed.
机译：镉对花粉的萌发和管的生长具有剧毒作用，当金属浓度增加时，镉的作用受到极大抑制。镉浓度高达10（-2）M完全停止了花粉萌发，花粉显示在1小时内破裂的趋势增加。在低浓度时，金属在试管发育的初期会轻微刺激花粉萌发，生长速率和试管伸长。对比研究的两种植物，镉对烟草的毒性比对百合花粉的毒性大。花粉管表现出一系列强烈的形态异常，其特征是生长不均匀或异常，包括花粉管尖端的根尖分支或肿胀。顶端或附近的细胞壁侵入在内侧很明显，而在外层则观察到由纤维状材料形成的疏松网络。长时间暴露于镉中后，圆形（球形）聚集体被嵌入细纤维状网络中。镉浓度增加（10（-3）-10（-2）M）减少或完全瘫痪细胞质流。不存在典型的胞质区带，而细胞器（质体，脂质滴）则朝尖端重新定位。囊泡根尖区急剧减少，囊泡分散到根尖下区域。线粒体分布在整个根尖下区域和管尖的囊泡之间。没有观察到细胞器中可见的超微结构变化。

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