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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Paternal cytoplasmic transmission in Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis)
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Paternal cytoplasmic transmission in Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis)

机译：油松的父本细胞质传播

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In this paper, the stages of normal sexual reproduction between pollen tube penetration of the archegonium and early embryo formation in Pinus tabulaeformis are described, emphasizing the transmission of parental cytoplasm, especially the DNA-containing organelles - plastids and mitochondria. The pollen tube growing in the nucellus contained an irregular tube nucleus followed by a pair of sperm cells. The tube cytoplasm contained abundant organelles, including starch-containing plastids and mitochondria. The two sperm cells differed in their volume of cytoplasm. The leading sperm, with more cytoplasm, contained abundant plastids and mitochondria, while the trailing one, with a thin layer of cytoplasm, had very few organelles. The mature egg cell contained a great number of mitochondria, whereas it lacked normal plastids. At fertilization, the pollen tube penetrated into the egg cell at the micropylar end and released all of its contents, including the two sperms. One of the sperm nuclei fused with the egg nucleus, whereas the other one was retained by the receptive vacuole. Very few plastids and mitochondria of male origin were observed around the fusing sperm and egg nuclei, while the retained sperm nucleus was surrounded by a large amount of male cytoplasm. The discharged tube cytoplasm occupied a large micropylar area in the egg cell. In the free nuclear proembryo, organelles of maternal and paternal origins intermingled in the neocytoplasm around the free nuclei. Most of the mitochondria had the same features as those of the egg cell, but some appeared to be from sperm cells and tube cytoplasm. Plastids were obviously of male origin, with an appearance similar to those of the sperm or tube cells. After cellularization of the proembryo, maternal mitochondria became more abundant than the paternal ones and the plastids enlarged and began to accumulate starch. The results reveal the cytological mechanism for paternal inheritance of plastids and biparental inheritance of mitochondria in Chinese pine.
机译：在本文中，描述了油松的花粉管穿透与油松的早期胚胎形成之间正常的有性生殖阶段，强调了亲代细胞质的传递，尤其是含DNA的细胞器-质体和线粒体的传递。在细胞核中生长的花粉管含有不规则的管核，随后是一对精子细胞。管细胞质包含丰富的细胞器，包括含淀粉的质体和线粒体。这两个精子细胞的细胞质体积不同。前导精子，胞质较多，含有丰富的质体和线粒体，而尾精子，胞质薄，细胞器很少。成熟的卵细胞含有大量的线粒体，而缺乏正常的质体。受精时，花粉管渗透到毛孔末端的卵细胞中，并释放其所有内容物，包括两个精子。精子核中的一个与卵核融合，而另一个被卵泡保留。在融合的精子和卵核周围观察到极少的雄性质体和线粒体，而保留的精子核被大量雄性细胞质包围。排出的管细胞质在卵细胞中占据了很大的毛孔区域。在自由核前胚中，母本和父本来源的细胞器混杂在游离核周围的新细胞质中。大部分线粒体具有与卵细胞相同的特征，但其中一些似乎来自精子细胞和管细胞质。质体明显是雄性起源的，外观类似于精子或管细胞。原胚细胞化后，母亲的线粒体变得比父亲的更丰富，质体扩大并开始积累淀粉。结果揭示了油松父本质体遗传和线粒体双亲遗传的细胞学机制。

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