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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >The role of larval fat cells in adult Drosophila melanogaster
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The role of larval fat cells in adult Drosophila melanogaster

机译：幼虫脂肪细胞在成年果蝇中的作用

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摘要

In the life history of holometabolous insects, distinct developmental stages are tightly linked to feeding and non-feeding periods. The larval stage is characterized by extensive feeding, which supports the rapid growth of the animal and allows accumulation of energy stores, primarily in the larval fat body. In Drosophila melanogaster access to these stores during pupal development is possible because the larval fat body is preserved in the pupa as individual fat cells. These larval fat cells are refractive to autophagic cell death that removes most of the larval cells during metamorphosis. The larval fat cells are thought to persist into the adult stage and thus might also have a nutritional role in the young adult. We used cell markers to demonstrate that the fat cells in the young adult are in fact dissociated larval fat body cells, and we present evidence that these cells are eventually removed in the adult by a caspase cascade that leads to cell death. By genetically manipulating the lifespan of the larval fat cells, we demonstrate that these cells are nutritionally important during the early, non-feeding stage of adulthood. We experimentally blocked cell death of larval fat cells using the GAL4/UAS system and found that in newly eclosed adults starvation resistance increased from 58 h to 72 h. Starvation survival was highly correlated with the number of remaining larval fat cells. We discuss the implications of these results in terms of the overall nutritional status of the larva as an important factor in adult survival in environmental stresses such as starvation.
机译：在全代谢昆虫的生活史中，不同的发育阶段与摄食和非摄食时期紧密相关。幼虫阶段的特征是广泛喂养，这支持了动物的快速生长并允许能量存储的积累，主要是在幼虫脂肪体内。在果蝇中，由于幼虫的脂肪体作为单个的脂肪细胞保存在the中，因此在during发育过程中可以进入这些商店。这些幼虫脂肪细胞可抵抗自噬细胞的死亡，从而在变态过程中去除了大部分幼虫细胞。幼虫脂肪细胞被认为可以持续到成年阶段，因此在年轻成年人中也可能具有营养作用。我们使用细胞标记物来证明年轻成年人中的脂肪细胞实际上是解离的幼虫脂肪体细胞，并且我们提供的证据表明这些细胞最终在成人中被半胱天冬酶级联反应去除，导致细胞死亡。通过遗传操纵幼虫脂肪细胞的寿命，我们证明这些细胞在成年的早期，非喂养阶段具有重要的营养意义。我们使用GAL4 / UAS系统实验性地阻止了幼虫脂肪细胞的细胞死亡，发现在新封闭的成年人中，饥饿抵抗力从58小时增加到72小时。饥饿的存活率与剩余的幼虫脂肪细胞数量高度相关。我们根据幼虫的总体营养状况来讨论这些结果的含义，将幼虫作为饥饿等环境压力下成年存活的重要因素。

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