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首页> 外文期刊>Transactions of the ASABE >RESPONSE OF SOYBEAN TO DEFICIT IRRIGATION IN THE SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT OF WEST-CENTRAL NEBRASKA
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RESPONSE OF SOYBEAN TO DEFICIT IRRIGATION IN THE SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT OF WEST-CENTRAL NEBRASKA

机译：内布拉斯加州中西部半干旱环境中大豆对缺水的响应

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摘要

Several factors, including multi-year drought, declining aquifer levels, and new water regulations, are contributing to reduced availability of irrigation water in the semi-arid area of west-central Nebraska. Since many farmers in this area do not have enough water to meet the seasonal water requirements of crops like corn and soybean, maximizing yield produced per unit of water under deficit irrigation conditions is becoming increasingly important. This study was conducted to quantify the grain yield response of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to deficit irrigation, and to determine which seasonal water variables correlated best to soybean grain yield under deficit irrigation. The study was conducted during 2002 at Curtis, and 2003 and 2004 at North Platte, Nebraska. Nine deficit irrigation treatments, including different irrigation amounts and timings, were studied in 2002 and 2003, and eight treatments were studied in 2004. Soybean grain yields across years and sites were best related to the seasonal ratio of the actual crop evapotranspiration and the crop evapotranspiration when soil water was not limiting (ET{sub}d/ET{sub}w), and to the seasonal ratio of actual crop transpiration and crop transpiration when soil water was not limiting (T{sub}d/T{sub}w). Both of these seasonal ratios were linearly related to grain yield with R2 = 0.91 when combining data for all seasons. The crop water productivity (CWP) (yield per unit of seasonal ET{sub}d) linearly increased with both ET{sub}d/ET{sub}W (R{sup}2 = 0.72) and T{sub}d/T{sub}w (R{sup}2 = 0.72), but was best correlated to the daily positive difference between the actual and the theoretical fraction of total available soil water in the root zone that can be depleted before crop water stress occurred, accumulated for the entire season (seasonal P{sub}(diff)) (R{sup}2 = 0.77). A linear relationship between the cumulative ET{sub}W and fraction of season (function of days after emergence) was found. This relationship developed for a given location could be used to extrapolate seasonal ET{sub}w for in-season irrigation management. Poor correlation was found between CWP and other variables such as total irrigation, rain + irrigation, and total water. The results of this study can provide useful information for soybean irrigators to make better management decisions under deficit irrigation conditions.
机译：若干因素，包括多年干旱，含水层水位下降以及新的水法规，正在导致内布拉斯加州中西部半干旱地区灌溉水的供应减少。由于该地区的许多农民没有足够的水以满足玉米和大豆等农作物的季节性需水量，因此在缺水灌溉条件下使每单位水的产量最大化变得越来越重要。进行这项研究以量化大豆[Glycine max（L.）Merr。]对亏缺灌溉的谷物产量响应，并确定哪些季节水分变量与亏缺灌溉下大豆的谷物产量最相关。该研究于2002年在柯蒂斯（Curtis）以及2003和2004年在内布拉斯加州的北普拉特（North Platte）进行。在2002年和2003年研究了九种亏缺灌溉方法，包括不同的灌溉量和灌溉时间，在2004年研究了八种方法。多年和不同地点的大豆单产与实际作物蒸散量和作物蒸散量的季节性比最相关。当土壤水分不受限制时（ET {sub} d / ET {sub} w），以及当土壤水分不受限制时（T {sub} d / T {sub} w）的实际作物蒸腾量与作物蒸腾量的季节性比）。当结合所有季节的数据时，这两个季节比率均与谷物产量线性相关，R2 = 0.91。作物水分生产率（CWP）（每季ET {sub} d的单产）随ET {sub} d / ET {sub} W（R {sup} 2 = 0.72）和T {sub} d / T {sub} w（R {sup} 2 = 0.72），但与根区总可用土壤水的实际比例和理论比例之间的每日正差之间存在最佳关联，在作物水分胁迫发生之前，该可用量可能已经耗尽，整个季节的累积值（季节性P {sub}（diff））（R {sup} 2 = 0.77）。发现累积ET {W} W与季节分数（出现后天数的函数）之间存在线性关系。针对给定位置开发的这种关系可用于推断季节性ET {sub} w以进行季节内灌溉管理。在CWP和其他变量（如总灌溉，雨水+灌溉和总水）之间发现差的相关性。这项研究的结果可以为大豆灌溉者在缺水灌溉条件下做出更好的管理决策提供有用的信息。

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