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Vanadium

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摘要

Vanadium (V) is a transition element, is a member of Group 5, and is the 23rd element of the Periodic table. Andres Manuel Del Rio was the first chemist to provide the idea of this new element in 1801. But it was discovered by Nils Sefstrom, a Swedish chemist in 1830 (Mukherjee et al. 2004). Pure V is a bright sliver-white, soft and ductile metal and 22nd most abundant element in the earth's crust. V has become subject of interest amongst nutritionists since the discovery that various marine species have this metal as an essential element (Almedeida et al. 2001). Although most food contains low amount of V (<1 ng/g), food is the major source of exposure to V for general population (Barceloux, 1999). V may be beneficial and possibly essential in humans, but certainly essential for some living organisms (Kustin et al. 1983; Michibata and Sakurai, 1990; Nielsen and Uthus, 1990; Rehder, 1999; Michibata et al. 2003a,b; Crans et al. 2004). The usual oxidation states of the vanadium are V (III), V (IV) and V (V). The V ions play a role in biology as counter ions for various proteins, DNA and RNA.
机译:钒(V)是过渡元素,是第5组的成员,并且是元素周期表的第23个元素。安德列斯·曼努埃尔·德尔·里约(Andres Manuel Del Rio)是1801年首位提出这种新元素想法的化学家。但是,瑞典化学家尼尔斯·塞夫斯特伦(Nils Sefstrom)于1830年发现了这种化学元素(Mukherjee等人,2004年)。纯V是明亮的银白色,柔软而易延展的金属,是地壳中第22大最丰富的元素。自从发现各种海洋物种都将这种金属作为基本元素以来,V已成为营养学家关注的话题(Almedeida等,2001)。尽管大多数食物中的V含量较低(<1 ng / g),但食物是普通人群暴露于V的主要来源(Barceloux,1999)。 V对人类可能是有益的并且可能是必不可少的,但对于某些活生物体却必不可少(Kustin等,1983; Michibata和Sakurai,1990; Nielsen和Uthus,1990; Rehder,1999; Michibata等,2003a,b; Crans等。 (2004年)。钒的通常氧化态为V(III),V(IV)和V(V)。 V离子在生物学中起着各种蛋白质,DNA和RNA的抗衡离子的作用。

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