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Ontology-Based Metadata

机译:基于本体的元数据

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Metadata are an extant mechanism for conveying ontological information about semantic data. Metadata have the advantage of being institutionally and structurally ensconced in GIS. At present, however, they lack fields to express information beyond the technical and geometric domain. This paper describes a framework for the creation of extended metadata for non-spatial attributes, with the goal of incorporating ontological context. We use an informatics interpretation of ontology which refers to the total universe of discourse associated with a given attribute (database field). In other words, an ontology is the possible range of meaning offered by an encoded field. Current ontology research in GIScience has focused on data structuring and modelling. Implementation of these schemes demands restructuring of existing relational database models. An alternative is to extend current metadata schemes (e.g. ISO 19115) to include context-based and tacit information about semantic attributes. Such ontology-based extended metadata permits data selection and interoperability decisions that are ultimately more defensible. We have developed eight preliminary fields to add to existing metadata frameworks that will enable ontological context to travel with the data. This paper illustrates a preliminary implementation based on the integration of non-commensurate cadastral data. The results illustrate the value of ontology-based metadata in highlighting descriptive and substantive differences between similar classification systems. Recognition of semantic heterogeneity is the basis for creating defensible data linkages between multiple datasets. The development of ontology-based metadata is profoundly different from the current trend to incorporate ontological context at the model level in GIScience. It is pragmatic, however, in that it presents a vehicle for incorporating use-context with data in a manner that is accessible; requires little re-engineering; and is intuitively understood by GIS users. Moreover, ontology-based metadata are a mechanism for addressing Pickles' (1997) concern about the ontology of spatial objects in GIS.
机译:元数据是一种用于传达有关语义数据的本体信息的现存机制。元数据的优点是可以在GIS中从制度上和结构上进行融合。但是,目前,他们缺乏表达技术和几何领域以外信息的领域。本文介绍了一个为非空间属性创建扩展元数据的框架,其目标是整合本体上下文。我们使用本体论的信息学解释,本体论是指与给定属性(数据库字段)相关联的整个语篇领域。换句话说,本体是由编码字段提供的含义的可能范围。 GIScience中当前的本体论研究集中在数据结构和建模上。这些方案的实现要求重组现有的关系数据库模型。一种替代方案是扩展当前的元数据方案(例如ISO 19115),以包括有关语义属性的基于上下文的默认信息。这种基于本体的扩展元数据允许最终更辩护的数据选择和互操作性决策。我们已经开发了八个预备字段,以添加到现有的元数据框架中,这些框架将使本体论上下文能够随数据传输。本文说明了基于不相称地籍数据集成的初步实现。结果说明了基于本体的元数据在强调相似分类系统之间的描述性差异和实质性差异方面的价值。语义异质性的识别是在多个数据集之间创建可辩护的数据链接的基础。基于本体的元数据的开发与当前在GIScience的模型级别上整合本体上下文的趋势有很大的不同。但是,这是实用的,因为它提出了一种以可访问的方式将使用上下文与数据合并的工具。几乎不需要重新设计; GIS用户可以直观地理解。此外,基于本体的元数据是解决Pickles(1997)关于GIS中空间对象本体的关注的机制。

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