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Polarized secretion

机译：极化分泌物

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Despite long-held theories to the contrary, bacteria have proven to be polar organisms. According to Scott et al. [1], not only do they elaborate polar appendages such as flagella and adhesive pili, they also secrete enzymes in a targeted, polar fashion. The terminal branch of the type II secretion pathway, also called the general secretory pathway, is responsible for secreting virulence factors from diverse Gram-negative pathogens. The molecular contributions of the many components of this exportsystem are currently under investigation, however, in this study, a global aspect of the apparatus has been uncovered. There are thought to be few secretion complexes per cell, and Scott et al. were interested in determining whether these complexes are randomly or specifically distributed in the cell envelope. They investigated the Eps type II secretion system of Vibrio cholerae, which secretes virulence factors including cholera toxin and hemagglutinin/protease. Using GFP-Eps chimeric proteins that complement null mutants, they discovered the Eps complexes were located at the old pole of the cell, the same pole that harbors the anchor to the flagellum. To find out if polar location plays a role in V. cholerae virulence, they investigated the Eps-dependent secretion of an active protease substrate. The secretion of the protease occurred at a pole and colocalized with the site of the Eps complex. It is likely that the adhesive pili assembled by Vibrio are also present at the same pole.
机译：尽管长期以来存在相反的理论，但细菌已被证明是极性生物。据斯科特等。 [1]，它们不仅精心制作了诸如鞭毛和粘附菌毛的极性附属物，而且还以针对性的极性方式分泌酶。 II型分泌途径的末端分支（也称为一般分泌途径）负责分泌多种革兰氏阴性病原体的致病因子。目前正在研究该出口系统的许多组成部分的分子贡献，但是，在这项研究中，该设备的全球性方面已被发现。人们认为每个细胞的分泌复合物很少，Scott等。对确定这些复合物是否随机或特异分布在细胞包膜中感兴趣。他们研究了霍乱弧菌的Eps II型分泌系统，该系统分泌的毒力因子包括霍乱毒素和血凝素/蛋白酶。他们使用互补于无效突变体的GFP-Eps嵌合蛋白，发现Eps复合物位于细胞的旧极，与鞭毛的锚定在同一极。为了弄清极性位置是否在霍乱弧菌的毒力中起作用，他们研究了活性蛋白酶底物的Eps依赖性分泌。蛋白酶的分泌发生在极点，并与Eps复合物的位点共定位。由Vibrio组装的粘性菌毛也可能出现在同一极点。

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