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Vaccines against human diarrheal pathogens Current status and perspectives

机译：预防人类腹泻病原体的疫苗的现状和观点

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摘要

Infections of the gastrointestinal tract triggered by bacterial, parasitic and viral pathogens rank among the most frequent infectious diseases. Every year, 2 million people die of diarrheal diseases, 760000 of these are children under 5 y of age.1'2 Diarrhea is defined as the passage of loose or watery stools occurring three or more times in a 24-h period. Three types of diarrhea are differentiated: (1) acute diarrhea, including Cholera, (2) acute bloody diarrhea, also called dysentery characterized by damage to the intestinal mucosa, and (3) the persistent diarrhea with disease duration of 14 or more days.2 Most of the pathogens causing diarrhea share a similar way of transmission, i.e., the fecal-oral transmission. However, the dose of the infectious agent and the specific process causing diarrheal symptoms varies widely between various pathogens.
机译：由细菌，寄生虫和病毒病原体引发的胃肠道感染属于最常见的传染病。每年，有200万人死于腹泻病，其中76万是5岁以下的儿童。1'2腹泻的定义是在24小时内通过稀疏或水状粪便的通道，发生了3次或更多次。腹泻分为三种类型：（1）急性腹泻，包括霍乱;（2）急性血性腹泻，也称为痢疾，其特征是肠粘膜受损;（3）持续腹泻，病程为14天或更多天。 2大多数引起腹泻的病原体具有相似的传播途径，即粪便-口服传播。但是，在各种病原体之间，引起腹泻症状的传染剂剂量和具体过程差异很大。

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