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首页> 外文期刊>Zoological Science >Chromosome number of sea urchin andromerogones during early development
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Chromosome number of sea urchin andromerogones during early development

机译：早期发育过程中海胆和雌激素的染色体数目

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摘要

The chromosome number of the andromerogones obtained by fertilizing non-nucleate egg fragments of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus was examined by an air-drying method during early development. The non-nucleate egg fragments were prepared by centrifuging unfertilized eggs in a stepwise saccharose density gradient with a purity of 99.9%, comprising from about one-tenth to one-fourth of the total egg volume. The andromerogones cleaved, hatched and then actively swam. Though their development tended to be slower compared with that of control whole embryos after hatching, most of them developed into larvae and the remainder developed as permanent blastulae. While the larvae had differentiated gut and pigment cells, they also had various skeleton types which varied from almost normal to irregular. The chromosome preparations were made from blastomeres dissociated from many andromerogones. The rate of cells having a haploid chromosome number of 21 was 73% at the two cell stage, 84% at the 8 cell stage, 75% at the morula stage, 76% at the hatching blastula stage and 87% at the swimming blastula stage, while that of cells having a diploid number of 42 was 2% if averaged out for total cells examined. A total of 73-87% of the andromerogones was found to develop with a haploid number of chromosomes.
机译：在早期发育过程中，通过风干法检查了通过施肥半球形无核卵片段获得的雄激素的染色体数目。通过以99.9％的纯度（占总蛋体积的约十分之一至四分之一）的逐步的蔗糖密度梯度离心未受精的卵来制备无核卵片段。雌激素的卵裂开，孵出然后活跃地游动。尽管与孵化后的对照完整胚胎相比，它们的发育趋于缓慢，但它们大多数发育为幼虫，其余则发育为永久性胚泡。幼虫分化出肠细胞和色素细胞，但它们也具有各种骨骼类型，从几乎正常到不规则。染色体制备物是由许多雄激素中分离的卵裂球制成的。单倍体染色体数为21的细胞在两个细胞阶段的比率为73％，在8个细胞阶段的比率为84％，在桑ula胚阶段的比率为75％，在孵化胚囊阶段的比率为76％，在游泳囊胚阶段的比率为87％ ，如果对所检查的全部细胞取平均值，则二倍体数为42的细胞的平均值为2％。发现总共73-87％的雄激素具有单倍体染色体。

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