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ISCOMs and ISCOMATRIX (TM)

机译：ISCOM和ISCOMATRIX（TM）

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摘要

Immunostimulatory complexes (ISCOMs) are particulate antigen delivery systems composed of antigen. cholesterol, phospholipid and saponin, while ISCOMATRIX (TM) is a particulate adjuvant comprising cholesterol, phospholipid and saponin but without antigen. The combination of an antigen with ISCOMATRIX (TM) is called an ISCOMATRIX (TM) vaccine. ISCOMs and ISCOMATRIX (TM) combine the advantages of a particulate carrier system with the presence of an in-built adjuvant (Quil A) and consequently have been found to be more immunogenic, while removing its haemolytic activity of the saponin, producing less toxicity. ISCOMs and ISCOMATRIX (TM) vaccines have now been shown to induce strong antigen-specific cellular or humoral immune responses to a broad range of antigens of viral, bacterial, parasite origin or tumor in a number of animal species including non-human primates and humans. These vaccines produced by well controlled and reproducible processes have also been evaluated in human clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of ISCOMs and ISCOMATRIX (TM), including preparation technology as well as their application in humans and veterinary vaccine designs with particular emphasis on the current understanding of the properties and features of ISCOMs and ISCOMATRIX (TM) vaccines to induce immune responses. The mechanisms of adjuvanticity are also discussed in the light of recent findings.
机译：免疫刺激复合物（ISCOM）是由抗原组成的颗粒状抗原递送系统。胆固醇，磷脂和皂苷，而ISCOMATRIX（TM）是颗粒状佐剂，包含胆固醇，磷脂和皂苷，但不含抗原。抗原与ISCOMATRIX（TM）的组合称为ISCOMATRIX（TM）疫苗。 ISCOM和ISCOMATRIX（TM）结合了颗粒载体系统的优势和内置佐剂（Quil A）的存在，因此被发现具有更高的免疫原性，同时去除了皂苷的溶血活性，产生的毒性较小。现已显示ISCOM和ISCOMATRIX（TM）疫苗可对包括非人类灵长类动物和人类在内的许多动物物种中的多种病毒，细菌，寄生虫起源或肿瘤抗原诱导强烈的抗原特异性细胞或体液免疫反应。这些经过良好控制和可重复生产的疫苗已经在人体临床试验中进行了评估。在这篇综述中，我们总结了ISCOM和ISCOMATRIX（TM）的最新进展，包括制备技术及其在人和兽用疫苗设计中的应用，特别强调了对ISCOM和ISCOMATRIX（TM）的特性和特征的当前理解。疫苗以诱导免疫反应。还根据最近的发现讨论了佐助机制。

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