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首页> 外文期刊>Dynamic Soil, Dynamic Plant >Singular Features of the Bradyrhizobium-Lupinus Symbiosis
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Singular Features of the Bradyrhizobium-Lupinus Symbiosis

机译：根瘤菌-羽扇豆共生的奇异特征

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摘要

Lupinus is a legume with great agronomic potential due to the high protein content of its seeds and its positive effect on soil fertility. It is able to fix atmospheric nitrogen through the establishment of a symbiosis with soil bacteria of the genusBradyrhizobium. The process is carried out in a special subclass of indeterminate nodules known as lupinoid nodules. The Bradyrhizobium-Lupinus symbiosis has particular characteristics, which makes it different from other Rhizobium-legume symbioses. Theentry of the bacteria into the plant root occurs at the junction between the root hair base and the adjacent epidermic cell and only sporadic "infection threads" have been observed. The involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and aldehyde oxidase in infection and nodule morphogenesis have been reported for the first time in this symbiosis. The presence of nitric oxide synthase activity in plants has been detected for the first time, in roots and nodules of Lupinus albus. The unique lupin nodule cortical structure has contributed to the visualization and elucidation of the operational mechanisms of the oxygen diffusion barrier. Nodule senescence takes place in a similar way to that of determinate nodules, starting in the central area ofthe nodule. This symbiosis is especially resistant to abiotic stresses such as herbicides, nitrate, salinity and heavy metals. This unusual tolerance has permitted the use of inoculated lupin plants for the re-vegetation of degraded areas and as a pioneer plant to fight soil erosion and to reclaim eroded soils. The capability to accumulate Cd, Zn and others heavy metals in the nodulated roots has resulted in the consideration of this symbiosis as a potential phytoremediator.
机译：羽扇豆由于其种子中的高蛋白含量及其对土壤肥力的积极作用，具有很大的农艺潜力。它能够通过与根瘤菌属的土壤细菌共生，从而固定大气中的氮。该过程在不确定的结节的特殊子类中进行，称为羽扇豆结节。缓生根瘤菌-羽扇豆共生具有特殊的特征，这使其不同于其他根瘤菌-豆类共生菌。细菌进入植物根部的过程发生在根毛基部与相邻表皮细胞之间的交界处，仅观察到零星的“感染线”。在这种共生中首次报道了丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）和醛氧化酶参与感染和结节形态发生。在羽扇豆的根和根中首次检测到植物中一氧化氮合酶活性的存在。独特的羽扇豆结节皮质结构有助于可视化和阐明氧扩散屏障的运作机制。结节衰老以与确定结节相似的方式发生，始于结节的中心区域。这种共生特别抗非生物胁迫，例如除草剂，硝酸盐，盐度和重金属。这种非同寻常的耐受力使人们可以将接种的羽扇豆植物用于退化地区的重新植被恢复，并作为抗击土壤侵蚀和恢复侵蚀土壤的先锋植物。在根瘤状根中积累Cd，Zn和其他重金属的能力已导致考虑将这种共生作为潜在的植物修复剂。

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