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首页> 外文期刊>Journal American Pomological Society >Performance of 'Fuji' and 'McIntosh' Apple Trees after 10 Years as Affected by Several Dwarf Rootstocks in the 1999 NC-140 Apple Rootstock Trial
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Performance of 'Fuji' and 'McIntosh' Apple Trees after 10 Years as Affected by Several Dwarf Rootstocks in the 1999 NC-140 Apple Rootstock Trial

机译：在1999年NC-140苹果砧木试验中，几种矮化砧木影响了10年后“富士”和“ McIntosh”苹果树的性能

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摘要

'Fuji' and 'McIntosh' apple trees (Malus x domestica Borkh.) on Geneva (R) 41 (G.41), CG.4013, CG.5179, Geneva (R) 202 (G.202). Geneva (R) 16 (G.16) (N, liners from normal stool beds; T, liners from stool beds established with tissue cultured plants), M.9 NAKBT337, M.26 EMLA, Supporter 1, Supporter 2, and Supporter 3 rootstocks were planted at several sites per cultivar throughout North America as a uniform trial coordinated by the NC-140 Multi-State Research Committee. Partial plantings were established at two sites per cultivar. Geneva (R) 935 (G.935) was included in two 'Fuji' and four 'McIntosh' plantings. After ten growing seasons, 'Fuji' mortality was greater than 'McIntosh,' and trees on M.9 NAKBT337 showed the greatest loss, with more than 35% mortality. Tree size measurements of trunk cross-sectional area, tree height, and canopy spread were all affected by rootstock and were used to allocate each rootstock into one of four size categories. Trees on CG.4013 were semidwarfs, larger than those on M.26 EM LA. Trees on G.202 and G.935 were large dwarfs, similar in size to M.26 EMLA. Trees on CG.5179, G.41, G.16N, and G.16T were moderate dwarfs, between trees on M.26 EM LA and M.9 NAKBT337 and likely similar to the larger M.9 clones. Trees on Supporter 1, Supporter 2, and Supporter 3 were small dwarfs, similar in size to trees on M.9 NAKBT337. Burr knot development was reasonably low but affected the greatest portion of the rootstock shank's circumference of both 'Fuji' and 'McIntosh' trees on CG.5179, G.16N, and G.16T. Root suckering was greatest from 'Fuji' trees on CG.4013, CG.5179, G.202, and M.9 NAKBT337. Very little root suckering was seen with 'McIntosh,' but the greatest numbers were from trees on CG.4013, CG.5179, and M.9 NAKBT337. Cumulative yield per tree was positively related to tree size. The most yield efficient 'Fuji' trees were on CG.5179, G.41, and Supporter 1, and the least efficient were on M.26 EM LA and CG.4013. The most yield efficient 'McIntosh' trees were on Supporter 1, Supporter 2, Supporter 3, G.41, and CG.5179, and the least efficient were on G.202, M.26 EM LA, and CG.4013. Average fruit weight was only modestly affected by rootstock. Generally, trees on G.41, M.9 NAKBT337, and M.26 EMLA had the largest fruit size, while trees on Supporter 2 and Supporter 3 had the smallest fruit size.
机译：日内瓦（R）41（G.41），CG.4013，CG.5179，日内瓦（R）202（G.202）上的'Fuji'和'McIntosh'苹果树（Malus x domestica Borkh。） Geneva（R）16（G.16）（N，来自正常粪便床的衬里; T，来自使用组织培养植物建立的粪便床的衬里），M.9 NAKBT337，M.26 EMLA，支撑物1，支撑物2，和支撑物在NC-140多州研究委员会的协调下，在整个北美每个品种的几个地点种植了3种砧木。每个品种在两个地点建立了部分播种。 Geneva（R）935（G.935）被包括在两个“ Fuji”和四个“ McIntosh”种植中。在十个生长季节后，“富士”死亡率高于“麦金托什”，并且M.9 NAKBT337上的树木损失最大，死亡率超过35％。树干横截面积，树高和树冠传播的树木大小测量值都受到砧木的影响，并用于将每种砧木分配为四个大小类别之一。 CG.4013上的树是半矮树，比M.26 EM LA上的树大。 G.202和G.935上的树是大的矮人，大小类似于M.26 EMLA。 CG.5179，G.41，G.16N和G.16T上的树是中等矮度，介于M.26 EM LA和M.9 NAKBT337上的树之间，可能类似于较大的M.9克隆。支持者1，支持者2和支持者3上的树是小矮人，大小与M.9 NAKBT337上的树相似。毛节的发育相当低，但影响了CG.5179，G.16N和G.16T上'Fuji'和'McIntosh'树的砧木柄的大部分。在CG.4013，CG.5179，G.202和M.9 NAKBT337上的“富士”树上，根吸盘最大。用“ McIntosh”看到的根吸盘很少，但是数量最多的是CG.4013，CG.5179和M.9 NAKBT337上的树。每棵树的累积产量与树的大小呈正相关。产量最高的'Fuji'树在CG.5179，G.41和Supporter 1上，效率最低的在M.26 EM LA和CG.4013上。产出效率最高的“ McIntosh”树位于支持者1，支持者2，支持者3，G.41和CG.5179上，效率最低的是位于G.202，M.26 EM LA和CG.4013上。平均果实重量仅受砧木适度影响。通常，G.41，M.9 NAKBT337和M.26 EMLA上的树具有最大的果实大小，而Supporter 2和Supporter 3上的树具有最小的果实大小。

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