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Mycorrhizae

机译:菌根

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摘要

Microorganisms that live in soils adjacent to roots of most terrestrial plants, the rhizosphere, are an integral part of numerous physiological interactions that range from saprophytism to various degrees of parasitism including symbiosis. Mycorrhizalfungi play a dominant role in the rhizosphere. Mycorrhizae (my-kor-ry-zee) are symbiotic associations in which the smallest actively growing roots of terrestrial plants are invaded by specific symbiotic fungi. The fungus and root together develop a morphologically distinct "organ" — the mycorrhiza (fungus-root). Hyphae, the fine thread-like filaments of mycorrhizal fungi, invade the outermost living tissues of young roots. Certain ones actually grow into the individual root cells, yet the cells retaintheir vital characteristics and develop no pathological symptoms. These fungi cannot convert complex carbohydrates such as cellulose into simple compounds that they can readily metabolize. Their primary source of carbohydrates are sugars produced during host plant photosynthesis.
机译:生活在大多数陆地植物根际附近的土壤中的微生物,根际是许多生理相互作用的组成部分,这些相互作用从腐生到各种程度的寄生虫,包括共生。菌根真菌在根际中起主导作用。菌根(my-kor-ry-zee)是共生协会,其中陆地植物最小的活跃生长的根系被特定的共生真菌入侵。真菌和根共同形成一个形态上独特的“器官”-菌根(真菌根)。菌丝是菌根真菌的细丝状细丝,侵入幼根的最外层活组织。某些细胞实际上会长成单个的根细胞,但这些细胞保留了它们的重要特征,没有任何病理症状。这些真菌无法将复杂的碳水化合物(例如纤维素)转化为易于代谢的简单化合物。它们的碳水化合物的主要来源是宿主植物光合作用过程中产生的糖。

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