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首页> 外文期刊>Circulation research: a journal of the American Heart Association >Adaptive Response of T and B Cells in Atherosclerosis
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Adaptive Response of T and B Cells in Atherosclerosis

机译：T和B细胞在动脉粥样硬化中的适应性反应

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摘要

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is initiated by the retention and accumulation of cholesterol-containing lipoproteins, particularly low-density lipoprotein, in the artery wall. In the arterial intima, lipoprotein components that are generated through oxidative, lipolytic, and proteolytic activities lead to the formation of several danger-associated molecular patterns, which can activate innate immune cells as well as vascular cells. Moreover, self- and non-self-antigens, such as apolipoprotein B-100 and heat shock proteins, can contribute to vascular inflammation by triggering the response of T and B cells locally. This process can influence the initiation, progression, and stability of plaques. Substantial clinical and experimental data support that the modulation of adaptive immune system may be used for treating and preventing atherosclerosis. This may lead to the development of more selective and less harmful interventions, while keeping host defense mechanisms against infections and tumors intact. Approaches such as vaccination might become a realistic option for cardiovascular disease, especially if they can elicit regulatory T and B cells and the secretion of atheroprotective antibodies. Nevertheless, difficulties in translating certain experimental data into new clinical therapies remain a challenge. In this review, we discuss important studies on the function of T- and B-cell immunity in atherosclerosis and their manipulation to develop novel therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular disease.
机译：动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性炎性疾病，它是由含胆固醇的脂蛋白，特别是低密度脂蛋白在动脉壁中的保留和积累引起的。在动脉内膜中，通过氧化，脂解和蛋白水解作用产生的脂蛋白成分会导致形成几种与危险相关的分子模式，这些分子模式可激活先天免疫细胞和血管细胞。此外，自身和非自身抗原，例如载脂蛋白B-100和热休克蛋白，都可以通过局部触发T细胞和B细胞的反应来促进血管炎症。这个过程可以影响噬菌斑的起始，进展和稳定性。大量的临床和实验数据支持自适应免疫系统的调节可用于治疗和预防动脉粥样硬化。这可能导致开发更具选择性和危害较小的干预措施，同时保持针对感染和肿瘤的宿主防御机制完好无损。疫苗接种等方法可能会成为心血管疾病的现实选择，尤其是如果它们可以引发调节性T细胞和B细胞以及抗动脉粥样硬化保护抗体的分泌的话。然而，将某些实验数据转化为新的临床疗法的困难仍然是一个挑战。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了关于T细胞和B细胞免疫功能在动脉粥样硬化中的重要研究及其对发展针对心血管疾病的新治疗策略的操纵方法。

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