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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Clinical Ultrasound: JCU >Biophysical principles of vascular diagnosis.
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Biophysical principles of vascular diagnosis.

机译：血管诊断的生物物理原理。

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Visual inspection of the spectral composition of the Doppler signal as a function of time (sonogram) has been very helpful in detecting the presence of stenoses with substantial lumen narrowing causing abnormal flow patterns. Attempts to grade a stenosis based on the spectral width at peak systole were less successful because of the obscuring effects of the ultrasound beam width with respect to lumen diameter, dimensions of the sample volume, angle of observation, and spectral broadening due to vessel branching and bends. The introduction of color flow imaging has put emphasis on the width of the velocity distribution and the consistency of flow patterns within the region of interest. This technique requires a high resolution in space, velocity, and time necessitating the development of new velocity estimation algorithms. The observed flow patterns can be related to the echogenicity and local wall thickness of peripheral vessels. In addition, the displacement behavior of arterial walls over time provides information about the elasticity of the wall. Knowing the instantaneous velocity of arterial walls, it becomes possible to suppress selectively and adaptively the arterial wall contribution, allowing for the assessment of low blood flow velocities close to the wall and, hence, of wall shear rate. The latter development enables the study of the interaction of blood velocities and the metabolism and structure of the walls, providing possible clues for atherogenesis.
机译：目视检查多普勒信号的频谱成分随时间的变化（超声图）对检测狭窄的管腔是否存在而非常有用，这些管腔明显变窄，导致异常流型。由于超声束宽度相对于管腔直径，样品体积的尺寸，观察角度以及由于血管分支和扩张引起的光谱展宽的影响不明显，因此尝试根据峰值收缩期的光谱宽度对狭窄进行分级的尝试不太成功。弯曲。彩色流成像的引入已将重点放在速度分布的宽度和感兴趣区域内流型的一致性上。该技术需要空间，速度和时间方面的高分辨率，因此有必要开发新的速度估算算法。观察到的流动模式可能与周围血管的回声性和局部壁厚有关。另外，动脉壁随时间的位移行为提供了有关壁弹性的信息。知道动脉壁的瞬时速度，可以有选择地和自适应地抑制动脉壁的贡献，从而允许评估靠近壁的低血流速度，从而评估壁的剪切速率。后者的发展使得能够研究血流速度与壁的代谢和结构的相互作用，为动脉粥样硬化的形成提供了线索。

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