Mechanisms of TLR9 activation.

Latz E; Visintin A; Espevik T; Golenbock DT

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Mechanisms of TLR9 activation.

机译：TLR9激活的机制。

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Non-methylated CpG-motifs in bacterial or viral DNA are recognized by TLR9 as foreign. The activation of TLR9 by microbial DNA or synthetic oligonucleotides based on these motifs leads to the induction of innate immune responses. We have compared the subcellular localization of fluorescent versions of TLR9 and TLR4 and found that TLR9 is expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum while TLR4 is expressed on the plasma membrane. Fluorescently tagged bacterial DNA or CpG-DNA was observed to traffic to a tubular lysosomal compartment in human pDCs. In stimulated cells, TLR9 translocated to CpG-DNA or microbial DNA containing structures in the endosome, where TLR9 binds to DNA and initiates signaling.

机译：细菌或病毒DNA中的非甲基化CpG基序被TLR9识别为外源。基于这些基序的微生物DNA或合成寡核苷酸对TLR9的激活导致先天免疫应答的诱导。我们已经比较了TLR9和TLR4荧光版本的亚细胞定位，发现TLR9在内质网中表达而TLR4在质膜上表达。观察到荧光标记的细菌DNA或CpG-DNA转运至人pDC中的管状溶酶体区室。在受刺激的细胞中，TLR9易位至CpG-DNA或微生物DNA的内体结构，TLR9与DNA结合并启动信号传导。

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《Journal of endotoxin research》 |2004年第6期|共7页
作者
Latz E; Visintin A; Espevik T; Golenbock DT;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类内科学;
关键词
CpG Islands; DNA; Bacterial; Leukocytes; Mononuclear; Membrane Glycoproteins; CpG岛; DNA; 细菌; 白细胞; 单核; 膜糖蛋白类; 受体; 细胞表面; 信号传递;

机译：CpG Islands;DNA;Bacterial;Leukocytes;Mononuclear;Membrane Glycoproteins;CpG岛;DNA;细菌;白细胞;单核;膜糖蛋白类;受体;细胞表面;信号传递;

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1. Mechanisms of TLR9 activation. [J] . Latz E, Visintin A, Espevik T, Journal of endotoxin research . 2004,第6期

机译：TLR9激活的机制。
2. Identification of an N-terminal recognition site in TLR9 that contributes to CpG-DNA-mediated receptor activation. [J] . Peter ME, Kubarenko AV, Weber AN, The Journal of Immunology: Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists . 2009,第12期

机译：鉴定有助于CpG-DNA介导的受体激活的TLR9中的N端识别位点。
3. Antimalarial artesunate protects sepsis model mice against heat-killed Escherichia coli challenge by decreasing TLR4, TLR9 mRNA expressions and transcription factor NF-kappa B activation. [J] . Li B, Zhang R, Li J, International immunopharmacology . 2008,第3期

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4. RNA interference on TLR9 expression affects the response of bone marrow-derived murine dendritic cells to CpG [C] . Ma Ling, Li Xiao-Xi, Xu Yi-Xin, International Symposium on Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology(医药生物技术国际研讨会) . 2009

机译：RNA对TLR9表达的干扰影响骨髓来源的鼠树突状细胞对CpG的反应
5. Elucidation of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Estrogen-Mediated Estrogen Receptor Activation. [D] . Coons, Laurel Aubrie. 2017

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6. TLR9 agonist acts by different mechanisms synergizing with bevacizumab in sensitive and cetuximab-resistant colon cancer xenografts [O] . Vincenzo Damiano, Rosa Caputo, Sonia Garofalo, 2007

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7. Hemoglobin induced cell trauma indirectly influences endothelial TLR9 activity resulting in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell activation. [O] . Zoe Loomis, Paul Eigenberger, Katherine Redinius, 2017

机译：血红蛋白诱导的细胞损伤间接影响内皮TLR9活性，导致肺血管平滑肌细胞活化。
8. Mechanisms of the Electrochemistry of Small Organic Molecules. Low Temperature Methane Activation. Final Report (for the Period March 1, 1989-March 1, 1990) [R] . Frese, K. W. 1990

机译：小有机分子的电化学机理。低温甲烷活化。最终报告（1989年3月1日至1990年3月1日）

Mechanisms of TLR9 activation.

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