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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research, C. Oceans: JGR >Hotspots in cold seas: The composition, distribution, and abundance of marine birds in the North American Arctic
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Hotspots in cold seas: The composition, distribution, and abundance of marine birds in the North American Arctic

机译：冷海地区的热点：北美北极地区海鸟的组成，分布和数量

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摘要

The distribution and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic is changing rapidly, resulting in changes to Arctic marine ecosystems. Seabirds are widely regarded as indicators of marine environmental change, and understanding their distribution patterns can serve as a tool to monitor and elucidate biological changes in the Arctic seas. We examined the at-sea distribution of seabirds in the North American Arctic in July and August, 2007-2012, and marine areas of high density were identified based on bird densities for four foraging guilds. Short-tailed shearwaters (Puffinus tenuirostris) were the most abundant species observed. Northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis), thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia), and dovekies (Alle alle) were also sighted in large numbers. Few birds were sighted between Dolphin and Union Strait and King William Island. Areas of high density over multiple years were found throughout the entire western portion of the study area (Bering Sea, Bering Strait, and Chukchi Sea), Lancaster Sound, Baffin Bay, Davis Strait, and the low Arctic waters off Newfoundland. These waters are characterized by high primary productivity. This study is the first to document the marine distribution of seabirds across the entire North American Arctic within the same time period, providing a critical baseline for monitoring the distribution and abundance of Arctic seabirds in a changing Arctic seascape.
机译：北极海冰的分布和厚度正在迅速变化，导致北极海洋生态系统发生变化。海鸟被广泛认为是海洋环境变化的指标，了解它们的分布方式可以作为监测和阐明北极海域生物变化的工具。我们研究了2007-2012年7月和8月在北美北极地区海鸟在海上的分布情况，并根据四个觅食行会的鸟类密度确定了高密度海域。短尾shear水（Puffinus tenuirostris）是观察到的最丰富的物种。还发现了北部的黄貂鱼（Fulmarus glacialis），大嘴黑斑的鼠（Uria lomvia）和白鸽（Alle alle）。在海豚和联合海峡以及威廉国王岛之间，很少看到鸟类。在研究区域的整个西部地区（白令海，白令海峡和楚科奇海），兰开斯特海峡，巴芬湾，戴维斯海峡和纽芬兰附近的北极低水域，发现了多年以来高密度的地区。这些水的特征在于高初级生产力。这项研究是首次记录同一时间段内整个北美北极地区海鸟的海洋分布，为监测北极海域变化中的北极海鸟的分布和丰度提供了关键基准。

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