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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Solar cosmic ray events for the period 1561-1994 2. The Gleissberg periodicity
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Solar cosmic ray events for the period 1561-1994 2. The Gleissberg periodicity

机译：1561-1994年期间的太阳宇宙射线事件2.格莱斯堡时间周期

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A total of 125 large fluence solar proton events identified from the nitrate deposition in ice core from Greenland for the period 1561-1950 are examined in an exploratory study of the geophysical information that will be available from such data in the future. These data have been augmented with ionospheric and satellite data for the period 1950-1994. There were five periods in the vicinity of 1610, 1710, 1790, 1870, and 1950, when large > 30 MeV proton events with fluence greater than 2 X 10(9) cm(-2) were up to 8 times more frequent than in the era of satellite observation. There is a well-defined Gleissberg (approximately 80 year) periodicity in the large fluence proton events, with six well-defined minima, two in close association with the Maunder and Dalton minima in sunspot number. The present "satellite" era is recognized as a recurrence of this series of minima. Comparison of the total solar proton production for the five Gleissberg cycles since 1580 shows that the cycle 1820-1910 was the most active followed by the cycle 1580-1660. The present Gleissberg cycle is one of the least effective in the production of solar proton events at Earth. It is shown that the solar and solar proton event data both indicate that the Maunder Minimum ended about 1700, 16 years before the commonly accepted date of 1716. It is proposed that the delayed "switch on" of aurorae after the Maunder Minimum is due to the changing nature of the solar corona from "Maunder Minimum" conditions to the more active conditions of the Gleissberg cycle, and a physical mechanism is proposed in which variations in the coronal densities modulate the efficiency of solar proton event production throughout the Gleissberg cycle. The "streaming limited fluence" for > 30 MeV protons is estimated to be 6-8 X 10(9) cm(-2), and the rapid decrease in the probability of occurrence of solar proton events observed in the vicinity of this fluence is proposed to be due to this effect. [References: 49]
机译：在对地球物理信息的探索性研究中，共检查了1561-1950年期间从格陵兰岛冰芯中硝酸盐沉积物中识别出的总共125个大通量太阳质子事件，这些信息将来可从中获得。这些数据已用1950-1994年的电离层和卫星数据进行了补充。在1610、1710、1790、1870和1950年附近有五个时期，当大于30 X MeV的大质子事件的通量大于2 X 10（9）cm（-2）时，其发生频率最高是8倍。卫星观测时代。在大通量质子事件中，有一个明确的格莱斯堡（Gleissberg）周期（大约80年），其中六个清晰的极小值，两个与黑子数的Maunder和Dalton极小值紧密相关。当前的“卫星”时代被认为是这一系列极小现象的再现。自1580年以来的五个格莱斯堡（Gleissberg）周期的总太阳质子产生量的比较表明，周期1820-1910最活跃，其次是周期1580-1660。当前的格莱斯伯格周期是在地球上产生太阳质子事件最不有效的周期之一。结果表明，太阳和太阳质子事件数据都表明，Maunder Minimum约在1700年结束，距1716年被普遍接受的日期的16年。有人提出，Maunder Minimum之后的极光“延迟开启”是由于太阳电晕的性质从“最低保证”条件改变为格莱斯堡运动的更活跃条件，并提出了一种物理机制，其中日冕密度的变化调节了整个格莱斯堡运动中太阳质子事件产生的效率。大于30 MeV质子的“流动有限通量”估计为6-8 X 10（9）cm（-2），并且在此通量附近观察到的太阳质子事件发生概率的快速下降是建议是由于这种效果。 [参考：49]

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