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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of hydrometeorology >Effects of Land Cover Change on the Energy and Water Balance of the Mississippi River Basin
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Effects of Land Cover Change on the Energy and Water Balance of the Mississippi River Basin

机译：土地覆盖变化对密西西比河流域能量和水平衡的影响

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摘要

The effects of land cover change on the energy and water balance of the Mississippi River basin are analyzed using the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) model. Results of a simulated conversion from complete forest cover to crop cover over a single model grid cell show that annual average net radiation and evapotranspiration decrease, while total runoff increases. The opposite effects are found when complete grass cover is replaced with crop cover. Basinwide energy and water balance changes are then analyzed after simulated land cover change from potential vegetation to the current cover (natural vegetation and crops). In general, net radiation decreases over crops converted from forest and increases over crops converted from grasslands. Evapotranspiration rates decrease over summer crops (corn and soybean) converted from forest and increase over summer crops converted from grassland. The largest decreases (0.75 mm day~(-1); 20%) are found in summer over former forests, and the largest increases (0.4 mm day~(-1); 45%) are found in spring over former northern grasslands. Drainage rates increase over summer crops converted from savanna and forest and decrease over summer crops converted from grasslands. The largest increases (0.6 mm day~(-1); 45%) are found in winter over summer crops in former southern forests, and the largest decreases (0.4 mm day~(-1); 25%) are found in summer over summer crops grown in former northern grasslands. The simulated energy and water balance changes resulting from land cover change depend on season, crop type (winter, spring, or summer plantings) and management, and the type of natural vegetation that is removed.
机译：使用综合生物圈模拟器（IBIS）模型分析了土地覆盖变化对密西西比河流域能量和水平衡的影响。在单个模型网格单元上从完全森林覆盖到作物覆盖的模拟转换结果表明，年平均净辐射和蒸散量减少，而总径流量增加。当用草皮代替完整的草皮时，会发现相反的效果。然后，在模拟的从潜在植被到当前植被（自然植被和农作物）的土地覆盖变化之后，分析全流域的能量和水平衡变化。通常，从森林转化的农作物的净辐射减少，而从草地转化的农作物的净辐射增加。从森林转化的夏季作物（玉米和大豆）的蒸腾速率下降，从草地转化的夏季作物的蒸发蒸腾速率增加。在夏季以前的森林中，最大的减少量（0.75毫米天〜（-1）; 20％）出现在春季，而在北部北部的春季中的最大增加量（0.4 mm天〜（-1）; 45％）出现在春季。从热带稀树草原和森林转化的夏季农作物的排水率增加，而从草原转化的夏季农作物的排水率降低。在过去的南方森林中，冬季作物比夏季作物的增幅最大（0.6 mm day〜（-1）; 45％），夏季夏季作物的增幅最大（0.4 mm day〜（-1）; 25％）。在以前的北部草原上种植的夏季作物。由土地覆盖变化引起的模拟的能量和水平衡变化取决于季节，作物类型（冬季，春季或夏季种植）和管理方式，以及被去除的天然植被的类型。

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