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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Deer Browse Resistant Exotic-Invasive Understory: An Indicator of Elevated Human Risk of Exposure to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Southern Coastal Maine Woodlands
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Deer Browse Resistant Exotic-Invasive Understory: An Indicator of Elevated Human Risk of Exposure to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Southern Coastal Maine Woodlands

机译：鹿抗拒异国入侵的林下：南部沿海缅因州林地人暴露于肩x突触螨（Acari：Ixodidae）的风险增加的指标

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摘要

We evaluated the relationships between forest understory structure and the abundance of questing adult and nymphal blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae), in three Maine towns endemic for Lyme disease, 2001-2003. In fragmented New England woodlands, overabundant white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman, overbrowse palatable species, allowing browse-resistant exotic-invasive species to replace native forest understory structures. We predicted there would be more ticks in plots dominated by exotic-invasive shrubs (such as Japanese barberry, Berberis thunbergii DC) than in plots dominated by native shrubs, ferns, or open understory. We assessed canopy composition and closure, tree basal area, litter composition, percentage of coverage and stem density of understory species, litter depth, soil moisture, and abundance of small mammals and white-tailed deer pellet groups. We used generalized linear mixed model analysis of covariance to determine the effect of understory structure on tick counts, controlling for continuous habitat and host covariates and adjusting for random spatial effects. There were twice as many adults and nearly twice as many nymphs in plots dominated by exotic-invasives than in plots dominated by native shrubs. Both adult and nymphal counts were lowest in open understory with coniferous litter. Adults were positively associated with increasing litter depth, medium soil moisture, and increasing abundance of white-footed deer mice, Peromyscus leucopus Rafinesque, and deer pellet group counts. Nymphs were positively associated with increasing litter depth, moderately wet soil, and mice. We concluded that deer browse-resistant exotic-invasive understory vegetation presented an elevated risk of human exposure to the vector tick of Lyme disease.
机译：我们评估了2001-2003年在缅因州三个地方盛产莱姆病的森林林下结构与探寻成年和若虫黑脚tick（Ixodes scapularis Say（Acari：Ixodidae））之间的关系。在零散的新英格兰林地中，过多的白尾鹿Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman浏览了可口的物种，从而使具有抗浏览性的外来入侵物种取代了原生林下层结构。我们预测，以外来入侵灌木为主的地块（例如日本伏牛花，小ber属DC）将比以天然灌木，蕨类植物或开放林下的土地为主的地块中的tick虫更多。我们评估了冠层的组成和闭合度，树木的基础面积，凋落物的组成，林下物种的覆盖率和茎密度，凋落物的深度，土壤湿度以及小型哺乳动物和白尾鹿颗粒群的丰度。我们使用协方差的广义线性混合模型分析来确定底层结构对壁虱计数的影响，控制连续的生境和宿主协变量并调整随机空间影响。与外来入侵植物占主导地位的地块相比，异国入侵占主导地位的地块中成虫和若虫的数量是当地灌木的两倍。在具针叶凋落物的开放林下，成虫和若虫计数均最低。成年与增加的垫料深度，中等土壤湿度和白足鹿小鼠，白带菌Peromyscus leucopus Rafinesque和鹿颗粒组计数的增加呈正相关。若虫与窝深度增加，土壤适度潮湿和小鼠呈正相关。我们得出的结论是，耐鹿浏览的外来入侵性林下植被对人类暴露于莱姆病病媒的风险较高。

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