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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Nuclear Materials: Materials Aspects of Fission and Fusion >On the effects of irradiation and helium on the yield stress changes and hardening and non-hardening embrittlement of similar to 8Cr tempered martensitic steels: Compilation and analysis of existing data
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On the effects of irradiation and helium on the yield stress changes and hardening and non-hardening embrittlement of similar to 8Cr tempered martensitic steels: Compilation and analysis of existing data

机译：关于辐照和氦气对类似于8Cr回火马氏体钢的屈服应力变化以及硬化和非硬化脆化的影响：现有数据的汇总和分析

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摘要

Data on irradiation hardening and embrittlement of 8-10Cr normalized and tempered martensitic steel (TMS) alloys has been compiled from the literature, including results from neutron, spallation proton (SP) and He-ion (HI) irradiations. Limitations of this database are briefly described. Simple, phenomenological-empirical fitting models were used to assess the dose (displacement-per-atom, dpa), irradiation temperature (T-i) and test temperature (T-t) dependence of yield stress changes (Delta sigma(y)), as well as the corresponding dependence of sub-sized Charpy V-notch impact test transition temperature shifts (Delta T-c). The Delta sigma(y) are generally similar for SP and neutron irradiations, with very high and low helium to dpa ratios, respectively. Further, the Delta sigma(y) trends were found to be remarkably consistent with the T-i and dpa hardening-dependence of low alloy steels irradiated at much lower doses. The similar T-i and (low) dose dependence of Delta sigma(y) and Delta T-c, as well as an analysis of paired Delta T-c-Delta sigma(y) datasets, show that embrittlement is typically dominated by a hardening mechanism below about 400 degrees C. However, the corresponding hardening-Charpy shift coefficient, C-c = Delta T-c/Delta sigma(y) approximate to 0.38 +/- 0.18 degrees C/MPa is lower than that for the fracture toughness reference temperature, T-0, with Delta T-0/Delta sigma(y) approximate to 0.58 +/- 0.1 degrees C/MPa, indicating that sub-sized Charpy tests provide non-conservative estimates of embrittlement. The C-c increases at T-i > 400 degrees C, and Delta T-c > 0 are sometimes observed in association with Delta sigma(y) <= 0, indicative of a non-hardening embrittlement (NHE) contribution. Analysis of limited data on embrittlement due to thermal aging supports this conclusion, and we hypothesize that the NHE regime may be shifted to lower temperatures by radiation enhanced diffusion. Possible effects of helium on embrittlement for T-i between 300 and 400 degrees C are also assessed based on observed trends in C-c The available data is limited, scattered, and potentially confounded. However, collectively the database suggests that there is a minimal NHE due to helium up to several hundred appm. However, a contribution of helium to NHE appears to emerge at higher helium concentrations, estimated to be more than 400-600 appm. This is accompanied by a transition from transgranular cleavage (TGC) to intergranular fracture (IGF). IGF generally occurs only at high Delta sigma(y). Synergistic combinations of large Delta sigma(y) and severe NHE, due to helium weakening of grain boundaries, could lead to very large transition temperature shifts in first wall and blanket structures at fusion spectrum dose levels above 50-75 dpa and in SP irradiations at much lower doses. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：已经从文献中收集了8-10Cr正火和回火马氏体钢（TMS）合金的辐照硬化和脆化数据，包括中子，散裂质子（SP）和He-离子（HI）辐照的结果。简要描述了该数据库的局限性。使用简单的现象学经验拟合模型来评估剂量（每个原子的位移，dpa），辐照温度（Ti）和测试温度（Tt）对屈服应力变化的依赖性（Δsigma（y）），以及亚尺寸夏比V型缺口冲击测试过渡温度变化（Delta Tc）的相应依赖性。 SP和中子辐照的Deltaσ（y）通常相似，氦与dpa的比率分别很高和很低。此外，发现Δσ（y）趋势与以低得多的剂量辐照的低合金钢的T-i和dpa硬化依赖性显着一致。相似的Ti和（低）剂量对Delta sigma（y）和Delta Tc的依赖性以及对成对的Delta Tc-Delta sigma（y）数据集的分析表明，脆化通常由低于约400度的硬化机制主导C.但是，相应的淬火-夏比位移系数Cc = Delta Tc / Delta sigma（y）大约为0.38 +/- 0.18摄氏度/ MPa，低于具有Delta值的断裂韧性参考温度T-0 T-0 /Δσ（y）大约为0.58 +/- 0.1摄氏度/ MPa，这表明小尺寸的夏比试验提供了非保守的脆性估计。 C-c在T-i> 400摄氏度时增加，并且有时会与Delta sigma（y）<= 0相关联地观察到Delta T-c> 0，这表示未硬化脆化（NHE）。对由于热老化引起的脆性的有限数据的分析支持了这一结论，并且我们假设NHE制度可能会由于辐射增强的扩散而转移到较低的温度。还根据观察到的C-c趋势评估了氦对T-i在300至400摄氏度之间脆化的可能影响。可用数据有限，分散且可能混淆。但是，从总体上看，该数据库表明，由于氦气高达数百appm，因此NHE最低。但是，氦气对NHE的贡献似乎出现在较高的氦气浓度下（估计超过400-600 appm）。这伴随着从经晶断裂（TGC）到晶间骨折（IGF）的转变。 IGF通常仅在高Delta sigma（y）处发生。由于氦的晶界弱化，大Δsigma（y）和严重NHE的协同组合可能导致在50-75 dpa以上的熔融光谱剂量水平和SP辐射下，第一壁和盖层结构的过渡温度变化非常大。低得多的剂量。 （c）2006 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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