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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Paleontology >THREE-TOED BROWSING HORSE ANCHITHERIUM (EQUIDAE) FROM THE MIOCENE OF PANAMA
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THREE-TOED BROWSING HORSE ANCHITHERIUM (EQUIDAE) FROM THE MIOCENE OF PANAMA

机译：巴拿马中新世三趾眉毛马蹄形（马科）

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DURING THE Cenozoic, the New World tropics supported a rich biodiversity of mammals. However, because of the dense vegetative ground cover, today relatively little is known about extinct mammals from this region (MacFadden, 2006a). In an exception to this generalization, fossil vertebrates have been col_lected since the second half of the twentieth century from Neo_gene exposures along the Panama Canal. Whitmore and Stewart (1965) briefly reported on the extinct land mammals collected from the Miocene Cucaracha Formation that crops out in the Gail_lard Cut along the southern reaches of the Canal. MacFadden (2006b) formally described this assemblage, referred to as the Gaillard Cut Local Fauna (L.E, e.g., Tedford et al., 2004), which consists of at least 10 species of carnivores, artiodactyls (also see recent addition of peccary in Kirby et al., 2008), perissodactyls, and as described by Slaughter (1981), rodents. Prior to the current report, the horses (Family Equidae) from the Gaillard Cut L.E consisted of only four fragmentary specimens including: two iso_lated teeth, i.e., one each of Archaeohippus sp. Gidley, 1906 and Anchitherium clarencei Simpson, 1932; a heavily worn partial dentition with p2_p4 of A. clarenci; and a partial calcaneum of Archaeohippus. Although meager, these fossils appear to repre_sent two distinct taxa of three-toed horses otherwise know from the middle Miocene of North America, i.e., the dwarf-horse Ar_chaeohippus sp. and the larger Anchitherium clarencei.
机译：在新生代，新世界热带地区支持了哺乳动物的丰富生物多样性。但是，由于茂密的植物地被覆盖，今天对该地区灭绝的哺乳动物的了解相对较少（MacFadden，2006a）。除了这种概括之外，自20世纪下半叶以来，化石脊椎动物是从巴拿马运河沿岸的新基因暴露中收集的。惠特莫尔和斯图尔特（Whitmore and Stewart，1965）简要报道了从中新世古卡拉奇组中收集的绝种陆地哺乳动物，该物种在沿运河南端的盖尔拉德切特（Gail_lard Cut）中生长。 MacFadden（2006b）正式描述了这种组合，称为盖拉德割本地动物群（LE，例如，Tedford等人，2004），该组合至少由10种食肉动物，偶蹄动物组成（也可参见最近在Kirby中添加的野猪）等人，2008），Perissodactyls，并且如Slaughter（1981）所述，是啮齿动物。在本报告之前，Gaillard Cut L.E的马（科马科）仅由四个片段标本组成，包括：两颗异齿，即每只Archaeohippus sp.。 1906年的吉德利（Gidley）和1932年的安基瑟拉尔·克拉伦西·辛普森（Anchitherium clarencei Simpson）; a.clarenci的p2_p4的严重磨损的局部牙列;以及部分古猿跟骨。这些化石虽然微不足道，但似乎代表着三趾马的两个截然不同的类群，这些人从北美中新世中期就知道了，即矮马Ar_chaeohippus sp。和较大的Anchitherium clarencei。

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