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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association: APhA >An organizational tool to describe and evaluate group performance in the health care setting.
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An organizational tool to describe and evaluate group performance in the health care setting.

机译：一种描述和评估医疗机构中团队绩效的组织工具。

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OBJECTIVE: To develop and test a tool for evaluating the performance of working groups in the institutional health care setting and to discuss its utility for pharmacists and other health care providers. DESIGN: A model for understanding how groups make decisions in health care settings was developed based on theories derived from organizational research. Our general group decision-making model was based on data collected from a national survey of members of hospital pharmacy and therapeutics (P&T) committees. Members were asked to describe how they interacted when making decisions regarding whether to add or delete drugs from their hospital's formulary. The relationships were examined using structural equation modeling. SETTING: Large teaching hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: Key members of P&T committees. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Committee members' responses about committee structure, organizational environment, quality of their interactions with each other, and the committee's decision-making abilities. Individual responses were aggregated into group measures to improve reliability and validity. RESULTS: Responses were received from 114 of the 222 hospitals surveyed (51.3%), and analysis was conducted on 95 hospitals (42.8%) for which three or more group members responded. Positive interactions among group members had the greatest influence on the group's decision-making abilities (beta = 0.92). These interactions were facilitated by a well-designed group (gamma = 0.71) and the support of the environment within which the committee operates (gamma = 0.29). CONCLUSION: The general group decision-making model tested in this study may be useful in understanding how the internal processes of health care groups such as P&T committees influence group performance and, hence, group outputs. Health care providers who apply a systematic approach to assessing group performance will find this model useful because it provides a starting point for examining the process, a way to show interrelationships among various group activities, and a guide to which strategies may be most effective for improving the decision-making process.
机译：目的：开发和测试一种用于评估机构医疗机构中工作组绩效的工具，并讨论其对药剂师和其他医疗机构的实用性。设计：基于组织研究得出的理论，开发了一种用于理解团体如何在医疗机构中做出决定的模型。我们的总体团队决策模型基于对医院药房和治疗委员会（P＆T）委员会成员进行的全国性调查收集的数据。要求成员描述在决定是否从医院处方中添加或删除药物时如何互动。使用结构方程模型检查了这些关系。地点：大型教学医院。参加者：P＆T委员会的主要成员。主要观察指标：委员会成员对委员会结构，组织环境，彼此之间的互动质量以及委员会的决策能力的回应。将个人回答汇总为小组措施，以提高信度和效度。结果：接受调查的222家医院中有114家医院对此有回应（占51.3％），并且对95家医院（42.8％）进行了分析，其中三名或三名以上成员对此有回应。小组成员之间的积极互动对小组的决策能力影响最大（β= 0.92）。精心设计的小组（gamma = 0.71）和委员会运作环境的支持（gamma = 0.29）促进了这些互动。结论：本研究中测试的总体小组决策模型可能有助于理解医疗保健小组（如P＆T委员会）的内部流程如何影响小组的绩效，从而影响小组的产出。应用系统方法评估小组绩效的医疗保健提供者会发现此模型很有用，因为它提供了检查过程的起点，显示各种小组活动之间相互关系的方法，以及可能最有效地改善策略的指南决策过程。

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