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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. >Anal Pap smears: Should we be doing them?
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Anal Pap smears: Should we be doing them?

机译：肛门涂片检查：我们应该做吗？

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摘要

PURPOSE: To identify the need to perform anal Papanicolau (Pap) smears for diagnosing histologic changes associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in order to provide early intervention for the prevention of anal cancer. To offer the primary care provider information, based on evidence-based research, about identifying the high-risk patient using risk factors, instructions on performing the anal Pap smear, interpreting the results, and initiating treatment interventions and/or referrals for care. Additionally, the possibility of an HPV vaccine for men will be discussed. DATA SOURCES: Evidence-based literature, theoretical framework, and peer-reviewed articles. CONCLUSIONS: Performing anal Pap smears is a valuable tool to detect cytologic changes associated with some strains of HPV infection. For persons participating in receptive anal intercourse, this diagnostic procedure provides the opportunity for early detection to guide appropriate follow-up and interventions. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Appropriate screening can be incorporated easily into a primary care practice. High-risk groups that would benefit from this screening include men who have sex with men, HIV-infected men and women, immunocompromised men and women, women with a history of cervical or vulvar cancer (or high-grade cervical lesions), and women participating in receptive anal intercourse.
机译：目的：确定需要进行肛门巴氏涂片（Pap）以诊断与人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染相关的组织学变化，以便为预防肛门癌提供早期干预。在基于证据的研究的基础上，为初级保健提供者提供信息，包括使用危险因素识别高危患者，进行肛门巴氏涂片检查，解释结果以及启动治疗干预和/或转介治疗的说明。另外，将讨论男性使用HPV疫苗的可能性。数据来源：循证文献，理论框架和经过同行评审的文章。结论：进行肛门巴氏涂片检查是检测与某些HPV感染株相关的细胞学变化的有价值的工具。对于参与接受肛门性交的人，此诊断程序为早期发现提供了机会，以指导适当的随访和干预措施。实践的意义：适当的筛查可以轻松地纳入初级保健实践。受益于这种筛查的高风险人群包括与男性发生性关系的男性，感染艾滋病毒的男性和女性，免疫力低下的男性和女性，有宫颈癌或外阴癌（或高度宫颈病变）病史的女性以及女性参加肛交。

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