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Early development of hearing in zebrafish

机译:斑马鱼的听力的早期发展

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The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a valuable vertebrate model for human hearing and balance disorders because it combines powerful genetics, excellent embryology, and exceptional in vivo visualization in one organism. In this study, we investigated auditory function of zebrafish at early developmental stages using the microphonic potential method. This is the first study to report ontogeny of response of hair cells in any fish during the first week post fertilization. The right ear of each zebrafish embedded in agarose was linearly stimulated with a glass probe that was driven by a calibrated piezoelectric actuator. Using beveled micropipettes filled with standard fish saline, extracellular microphonic potentials were recorded from hair cells in the inner ear of zebrafish embryos or larvae in response to 20, 50, 100, and 200-Hz stimulation. Saccular hair cells expressing green fluorescent protein of the transgenic zebrafish from 2 to 7 days post fertilization (dpf) were visualized and quantified using confocal microscopy. The otic vesicles' areas, otoliths' areas, and saccular hair cell count and density increased linearly with age and standard body length. Microphonic responses increased monotonically with stimulus intensity, stimulus frequency, and age of zebrafish. Microphonic threshold at 200 Hz gradually decreased with zebrafish age. The increases in microphonic response and sensitivity correlate with the increases in number and density of hair cells in the saccule. These results enhance our knowledge of early development of auditory function in zebrafish and provide the control data that can be used to evaluate hearing of young zebrafish morphants or mutants.
机译:斑马鱼(Danio rerio)已成为人类听力和平衡障碍的重要脊椎动物模型,因为它在一个生物体中结合了强大的遗传学,出色的胚胎学和出色的体内可视化能力。在这项研究中,我们使用麦克风电位法研究了斑马鱼在发育早期的听觉功能。这是第一个报告受精后第一周内任何鱼类的毛细胞反应的个体发育的研究。嵌入到琼脂糖中的每个斑马鱼的右耳都由玻璃探针线性刺激,该探针由校准的压电致动器驱动。使用装有标准鱼盐水的斜面微量移液器,响应20、50、100和200 Hz刺激,从斑马鱼胚胎或幼虫的内耳毛细胞中记录到细胞外的微音势。受精后(dpf)2至7天表达转基因斑马鱼绿色荧光蛋白的囊状毛细胞通过共聚焦显微镜进行可视化和定量分析。耳囊的面积,耳石的面积以及囊状毛细胞的数量和密度随年龄和标准体长呈线性增加。麦克风响应随着刺激强度,刺激频率和斑马鱼的年龄而单调增加。随着斑马鱼年龄的增长,200 Hz的麦克风阈值逐渐降低。声音响应和灵敏度的增加与囊中毛细胞数量和密度的增加相关。这些结果增强了我们对斑马鱼听觉功能的早期发育的认识,并提供了可用于评估幼龄斑马鱼形态或突变体的听觉的控制数据。

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