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Sensitivity of negative subsequent memory and task-negative effects to age and associative memory performance

机译：负面的后续记忆和任务负效应对年龄和联想记忆性能的敏感性

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摘要

The present fMRI experiment employed associative recognition to investigate the relationships between age and encoding-related negative subsequent memory effects and task-negative effects. Young, middle-aged and older adults (total n=136) were scanned while they made relational judgments on visually presented word pairs. In a later memory test, the participants made associative recognition judgments on studied, rearranged (items studied on different trials) and new pairs. Several regions, mostly localized to the default mode network, demonstrated negative subsequent memory effects in an across age-group analysis. All but one of these regions also demonstrated task-negative effects, although there was no correlation between the size of the respective effects. Whereas negative subsequent memory effects demonstrated a graded attenuation with age, task-negative effects declined markedly between the young and the middle-aged group, but showed no further reduction in the older group. Negative subsequent memory effects did not correlate with memory performance within any age group. By contrast, in the older group only, task-negative effects predicted later memory performance. The findings demonstrate that negative subsequent memory and task-negative effects depend on dissociable neural mechanisms and likely reflect distinct cognitive processes. The relationship between task-negative effects and memory performance in the older group might reflect the sensitivity of these effects to variations in amount of age-related neuropathology.
机译：本功能磁共振成像实验采用联想识别来研究年龄与编码相关的负面后续记忆效应和任务负效应之间的关系。在他们对视觉呈现的单词对做出相关判断时，对年轻人，中年和老年人（总计n = 136）进行了扫描。在后来的记忆测试中，参与者对已研究，重新排列（在不同试验中研究的项目）和新配对做出了相关的识别判断。在跨年龄组分析中，几个区域（主要位于默认模式网络）显示出负面的后续记忆效应。这些区域中除一个区域以外的所有区域还显示出任务负面效果，尽管各个效果的大小之间没有相关性。后续的负面记忆效应表现出随着年龄的增长而逐渐减弱，而任务负效应在年轻和中年组之间显着下降，但在老年组中没有进一步降低。后续的负面记忆效应与任何年龄组的记忆表现均不相关。相比之下，仅在较老的组中，任务负效应会预测较晚的内存性能。研究结果表明，负面的后续记忆和任务负效应取决于可分离的神经机制，并可能反映出不同的认知过程。在较年长的组中，任务负效应与记忆力之间的关系可能反映了这些效应对与年龄相关的神经病理学变化量的敏感性。

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