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Catastrophic decline in mollusc diversity in eastern Tasmania and its concurrence with shellfish fisheries

机译：塔斯马尼亚州东部软体动物多样性的灾难性下降及其与贝类渔业的同意

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摘要

We used historical patterns of deposition of mollusc shells to infer changes to inshore benthic assemblages in the southeastern Tasmanian region over the past 120 years. We identified and counted shells in slices embedded within 1m long (210)-Pb-dated sediment cores were collected at 13 sites in water depths of 8-16 m. Declines in mollusc species richness and shell production occurred during the past century at all sites studied, with a mean decline per 5-cm sediment slice from 21 species in 1890 to 7 species in 1990 and in shell abundance from 150 to 30 individuals over the same period. The time course of decline notably corresponded with the history of the scallop dredge fishery, presumably either because scallop dredging caused general declines in populations of the mollusc species or because other factors caused a catastrophic regional decline in molluscs that included scallops. As a consequence, the fishery was forced to close. Of major concern is that losses had not previously been recognized but extended throughout the 100-km coastal span of the study. Given that fishing and other anthropogenic impacts, as well as a lack of observational data, are virtually ubiquitous for the coastal zone, major recent losses in mollusc biodiversity may be globally widespread but have gone unnoticed.
机译：我们使用软体动物壳的沉积历史模式来推断塔斯马尼亚岛东南部地区近120年来沿海底栖组合的变化。我们鉴定并计数了在8m至16m水深的13个地点收集的嵌入1m长（210）-Pb日期的沉积物核内的切片中的贝壳。在过去的一个世纪中，所有研究地点的软体动物物种丰富度和贝壳产量均出现了下降，每5厘米沉积物片平均下降，从1890年的21种下降到1990年的7种，同一时期的贝壳丰度从150个减少到30个期。下降的时间进程特别与扇贝疏edge渔业的历史相对应，大概是因为扇贝疏ging导致软体动物种群普遍减少，或者是因为其他因素导致了包括扇贝在内的软体动物的区域性灾难性下降。结果，渔业被迫关闭。最主要的担心是，以前尚未认识到损失，但损失延伸到了研究的整个100公里沿海范围。鉴于捕鱼和其他人为影响以及缺乏观测数据在沿海地区几乎无处不在，因此软体动物生物多样性的近期主要损失可能在全球范围内普遍存在，但并未引起人们的注意。

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