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首页> 外文期刊>Conservation Biology >Residential Development Encroachment on U.S. Protected Areas
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Residential Development Encroachment on U.S. Protected Areas

机译：美国保护区的住宅开发侵占

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Conservation of ecological processes and biodiversity may require development of a conservation system consisting of protected “cores” surrounded by “buffer zones” that effectively expand and connect the cores. Nevertheless, residential development near protected areas may threaten de facto protected areas and hinder development of an official conservation system in the United States. We identified potential conservation cores based on existing protected areas, and using a spatially explicit model of housing densities, we quantified how residential development has altered the structural context around cores nationally from 1970 to 2000 and forecasted changes from 2000 to 2030. We found that residential housing development has likely occurred preferentially near some cores, and if encroachment near cores continues at projected rates, the amount of buffer zone will have been reduced by a total of 12% by 2030, with much of this change occurring directly at core edges. Furthermore, development will have reduced the average connectedness (valence) of cores by 6% from 1970 to 2030. Although patterns of encroachment roughly increased west to east, our results painted a more complex picture of the difficulties that would be faced if establishment of an official conservation system was ever attempted. At a minimum, prioritizing future conservation action must consider adjacent land uses, and a key conservation strategy will be to work cooperatively across land-ownership boundaries, particularly for smaller protected areas, which will tend to dominate future conservation activities.
机译：保护生态过程和生物多样性可能需要开发一个保护系统，该保护系统由受保护的“核心”组成，并由“缓冲区”围绕，这些缓冲区有效地扩展和连接了核心。然而，在保护区附近的住宅开发可能会威胁到事实上的保护区，并阻碍美国官方保护系统的发展。我们根据现有保护区确定了潜在的保护核心，并使用空间密度明确的住房密度模型，我们量化了住宅开发如何在1970年至2000年全国范围内改变了核心保护区的结构背景，并预测了2000年至2030年的变化。住房发展可能优先发生在某些核心区域附近，如果核心区域附近的侵蚀继续以预计的速度进行，那么到2030年，缓冲区的数量将总共减少12％，其中大部分变化直接发生在核心区域边缘。此外，从1970年到2030年，发展将使岩心的平均连通度（价数）降低6％。尽管从西到东的侵蚀方式大致增加了，但我们的结果却描绘出了一个更复杂的图景，即如果建立一个曾经尝试过官方保护系统。至少要优先考虑未来的保护行动，必须考虑到相邻的土地利用，并且一项关键的保护战略将是跨土地所有权边界合作开展工作，尤其是对于较小的保护区，这将在未来的保护活动中占主导地位。

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