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Testing Hypotheses of Bird Extinctions at Rio Palenque, Ecuador, with Informal Species Lists

机译:用非正式物种清单测试厄瓜多尔里约帕伦克的灭绝鸟类假说

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摘要

Informally gathered species lists are a potential source of data for conservation biology, but most remain unused because of questions of reliability and statistical issues. We applied two alternative analytical methods (contingency tests and occupancy modeling) to a 35-year data set (1973-2007) to test hypotheses about local bird extinction. We compiled data from bird lists collected by expert amateurs and professional scientists in a 2-km(2) fragment of lowland tropical forest in coastal Ecuador. We tested the effects of the following on local extinction: trophic level, sociality, foraging specialization, light tolerance, geographical range area, and biogeographic source. First we assessed extinction on the basis of the number of years in which a species was not detected on the site and used contingency tests with each factor to compare the frequency of expected and observed extinction events among different species categories. Then we defined four multiyear periods that reflected different stages of deforestation and isolation of the study site and used occupancy modeling to test extinction hypotheses singly and in combination. Both types of analyses supported the biogeographic source hypothesis and the species-range hypothesis as causes of extinction; however, occupancy modeling indicated the model incorporating all factors except foraging specialization best fit the data.
机译:非正式收集的物种清单是保护生物学的潜在数据来源,但是由于可靠性和统计问题,大多数物种仍未使用。我们对35年的数据集(1973-2007年)应用了两种替代分析方法(应变测试和乘员建模),以检验有关本地鸟类灭绝的假设。我们从专家业余爱好者和专业科学家收集的鸟类名单中收集了数据,这些鸟类名单位于厄瓜多尔沿海的2公里(2)的低地热带森林片段中。我们测试了以下因素对局部灭绝的影响:营养水平,社会性,觅食专长,耐光性,地理范围区域和生物地理资源。首先,我们根据未在现场发现物种的年限来评估灭绝,并使用偶然性试验对每个因素进行比较,以比较不同物种类别之间预期灭绝事件的发生频率。然后,我们定义了四个多年期,分别反映了森林砍伐和研究地点隔离的不同阶段,并使用占用模型单独或组合地检验了灭绝假设。两种分析都支持生物地理学起源假说和物种范围假说作为灭绝的原因。然而,占用模型表明模型包含了除觅食专业外最适合数据的所有因素。

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