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How are glories formed?

机译：荣耀如何形成？

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Mie theory can be used to generate full-color simulations of atmospheric glories, but it offers no explanation for the formation of glories. Simulations using the Debye series indicate that glories are caused by rays that have suffered one internal reflection within spherical droplets of water. In 1947, van de Hulst suggested that backscattering (i.e., scattering angle theta = 180 degrees) could be caused by surface waves, which would generate a toroidal wavefront due to spherical symmetry. Furthermore, he postulated that the glory is the interference pattern corresponding to this toroidal wavefront. Although van de Hulst's explanation for the glory has been widely accepted, the author offers a slightly different explanation. Noting that surface waves shed radiation continuously around the droplet (not just at theta = 180 degrees), scattering in a specific direction theta = 180 degrees - delta can be considered as the vector sum of two surface waves: one deflecting the incident light by 180 degrees - delta and the other by 180 degrees + delta. The author suggests that the glory is the result of two-ray interference between these two surface waves. Simple calculations indicate that this model produces more accurate results than van de Hulst's model. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America.
机译：米氏理论可用于生成大气荣耀的全彩色模拟，但它无法为荣耀的形成提供任何解释。使用德拜（Debye）系列进行的模拟表明，荣耀是由在球形水滴内遭受一种内部反射的光线造成的。 1947年，范·德·赫尔斯特（van de Hulst）提出，表面波可能引起反向散射（即散射角theta = 180度），由于球形对称性，表面波将产生环形波阵面。此外，他假定荣耀是与该环形波阵面相对应的干涉图样。尽管范·德·赫尔斯特对荣耀的解释已被广泛接受，但作者提出的解释略有不同。注意到表面波不断在液滴周围散发辐射（不只是在θ= 180度），在特定方向theta = 180度的散射-δ可被视为两个表面波的矢量和：一个将入射光偏转180度度-增量，另一方乘180度+增量。作者认为，荣耀是这两个表面波之间受到两射线干扰的结果。简单的计算表明，该模型产生的结果比van de Hulst模型更准确。 （c）2005年美国眼镜学会。

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