A binary diffraction model is introduced to study the sensitivity of the wavefront phase of binary computer-generated holograms on groove depth and duty-cycle variations. Analytical solutions to diffraction efficiency, diffracted wavefront phase functions, and wavefront sensitivity functions are derived. The derivation of these relationships is obtained by using the Fourier method. Results from experimental data confirm the analysis. Several phase anomalies were discovered, and a simple graphical model of the complex fields is applied to explain these phenomena.
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