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Neutral density filters with Risley prisms: analysis and design

机译：带有Risley棱镜的中性密度滤光片：分析和设计

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摘要

We achieve the analysis and design of optical attenuators with double-prism neutral density filters. A comparative study is performed on three possible device configurations; only two are presented in the literature but without their design calculus. The characteristic parameters of this optical attenuator with Risley translating prisms for each of the three setups are defined and their analytical expressions are derived: adjustment scale (attenuation range) and interval, minimum transmission coefficient and sensitivity. The setups are compared to select the optimal device, and, from this study, the best solution for double-prism neutral density filters, both from a mechanical and an optical point of view, is determined with two identical, symmetrically movable, no mechanical contact prisms. The design calculus of this optimal device is developed in essential steps. The parameters of the prisms, particularly their angles, are studied to improve the design, and we demonstrate the maximum attenuation range that this type of attenuator can provide.
机译：我们实现了具有双棱镜中性密度滤光片的光衰减器的分析和设计。对三种可能的设备配置进行了比较研究。文献中仅介绍了两个，但没有进行设计计算。定义了带有Risley平移棱镜的这种光学衰减器的特征参数，用于三种设置，并推导了它们的解析表达式：调整比例（衰减范围）和间隔，最小透射系数和灵敏度。比较设置以选择最佳设备，并且从这项研究中，从机械和光学角度来看，双棱镜中性密度滤光片的最佳解决方案是由两个相同的，对称移动的，无机械接触的问题确定的。棱镜。此最佳设备的设计演算是在基本步骤中开发的。研究了棱镜的参数，尤其是其角度，以改善设计，并且我们证明了这种衰减器可以提供的最大衰减范围。

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