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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience >Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses.
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Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic activities at developing neuromuscular synapses.

机译:雪旺细胞衍生因子调节神经肌肉突触发生时的突触活动。

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Glial cells are active participants in the function, formation, and maintenance of the chemical synapse. To investigate the molecular basis of neuron-glia interactions at the peripheral synapse, we examined whether and how Schwann cell-derived factors modulate synaptic function at developing neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). Schwann cell-conditioned medium (SC-CM) from Xenopus Schwann cell cultures was collected and applied to Xenopus nerve-muscle cocultures. We found that SC-CM increased the frequency of spontaneous synaptic currents (SSCs) within 3-15 min by an average of approximately 150-fold at developing neuromuscular synapses. The increase in SSC frequency by SC-CM is a presynaptic effect independent of neuronal excitability and requires the influx of Ca2+. In contrast to its potentiating effect on spontaneous transmitter release, SC-CM suppressed the evoked transmitter release. The SC-CM effect required the presence of motoneuron soma but not protein synthesis. Using molecular weight cutoff filters and dialysis membranes, we found that the molecular weight of functional factor(s) in SC-CM was within 500 and 5000 Da. The SC-CM effect was not attributable to currently known factors that modulate synaptic efficacy, including neurotrophins, glutamate, and ATP. SC-CM also enhanced spontaneous synaptic release at developing NMJs in Xenopus tadpoles in situ. Our results suggest that Schwann cells release small molecules that enhance spontaneous synaptic activities acutely and potently at developing neuromuscular synapses, and the glial cell-enhanced spontaneous neurotransmission may contribute to synaptogenesis.
机译:胶质细胞是化学突触的功能,形成和维持的活跃参与者。为了研究外周突触中神经元-胶质细胞相互作用的分子基础,我们检查了雪旺细胞衍生因子是否以及如何调节发育中的神经肌肉接头(NMJ)的突触功能。收集来自爪蟾雪旺氏细胞培养物的雪旺氏细胞条件培养基(SC-CM),并将其应用于爪蟾的神经肌肉共培养物中。我们发现SC-CM在发展中的神经肌肉突触时,在3-15分钟内使自发突触电流(SSC)的频率平均增加了约150倍。 SC-CM引起的SSC频率增加是独立于神经元兴奋性的突触前效应,需要Ca2 +的流入。与它对自发释放的增强作用相反,SC-CM抑制了诱发的释放。 SC-CM效应需要运动神经元躯体的存在,但不需要蛋白质合成。使用分子量截止过滤器和透析膜,我们发现SC-CM中功能因子的分子量在500和5000 Da之间。 SC-CM效应不能归因于调节突触功效的当前已知因素,包括神经营养蛋白,谷氨酸和ATP。 SC-CM还增强了非洲爪蟾t中正在发育的NMJ的自发突触释放。我们的结果表明,雪旺氏细胞释放出小分子,这些小分子在发展中的神经肌肉突触时能迅速而有效地增强自发突触活动,而胶质细胞增强的自发神经传递可能有助于突触发生。

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