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In vitro mycobacterial growth inhibition assays: A tool for the assessment of protective immunity and evaluation of tuberculosis vaccine efficacy

机译：体外分枝杆菌生长抑制测定：评估保护性免疫和评估结核病疫苗功效的工具

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Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a serious global health threat, and the current vaccine, BCG, has variable efficacy. However, the development of a more effective vaccine is severely hampered by the lack of an immune correlate of protection. Candidate vaccines are currently evaluated using preclinical animal models, but experiments are long and costly and it is unclear whether the outcomes are predictive of efficacy in humans. Unlike measurements of single immunological parameters, mycobacterial growth inhibition assays (MGIAs) represent an unbiased functional approach which takes into account a range of immune mechanisms and their complex interactions. Such a controlled system offers the potential to evaluate vaccine efficacy and study mediators of protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). This review discusses the underlying principles and relative merits and limitations of the different published MGIAs, their demonstrated abilities to measure mycobacterial growth inhibition and vaccine efficacy, and what has been learned about the immune mechanisms involved. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：结核病（TB）继续对全球健康构成严重威胁，目前的疫苗BCG具有可变功效。但是，缺乏保护性免疫相关性严重阻碍了更有效疫苗的开发。目前正在使用临床前动物模型评估候选疫苗，但实验耗时长且成本高昂，尚不清楚结果是否可预测对人类的功效。与单个免疫学参数的测量不同，分枝杆菌生长抑制测定法（MGIAs）代表了一种无偏见的功能性方法，该方法考虑了多种免疫机制及其复杂的相互作用。这种受控系统提供了评估疫苗功效和研究针对结核分枝杆菌（M.tb）的保护性免疫介质的潜力。这篇综述讨论了不同出版的MGIAs的基本原理，相对优缺点，其证明的测量分枝杆菌生长抑制和疫苗功效的能力，以及对所涉及的免疫机制的了解。 （C）2016作者。由Elsevier Ltd.发布

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