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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Polymer Science >Starch esters with improved mechanical properties through melt compounding with nanoclays
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Starch esters with improved mechanical properties through melt compounding with nanoclays

机译：通过与纳米粘土熔融混合改善机械性能的淀粉酯

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Biobased nanocomposites were manufactured through the melt intercalation of nanoclays and starch esters synthesized at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP) from high amylose starch. Starch acetates (SAs) and starch propionates (SPs) were tested in combination with glycerol triacetate (triacetin) as a plasticizer for concentrations up to 30 and 20 wt %, respectively, with different types of organomodified and unmodified montmorillonites (MMTs). The mechanical properties of injection-molded test bars were determined by a tensile experiment giving the strength, modulus, and elongation of the composites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study clay dispersion and intercalation/exfoliation. Dynamic mechanical analysis was used to track the temperature dependence of the storage modulus and tan d behavior of the starch/clay hybrid. Because they were the best performing compositions, SP with 5 wt % plasticizer and SA with 20 wt % plasticizer were filled with 5 wt % nanoclay. For SP, a certain increase in modulus was observed for all clays. However, the strength was practically unchanged, and the elongation decreased in most cases. One exception was found for the 2.5 wt % organomodified clay composition, where the elongation increased. For SA, the addition of 5 wt % nanoclay always increased the strength and modulus, in one case up to 60 and 75%, respectively. In the particular case with 5 wt % unmodified clay, the strength, modulus, and elongation increased by 30, 40, and 1000%, respectively. This was a dramatic improvement in the ductility of the material without losses in the strength and stiffness. XRD and TEM revealed the existence of exfoliated modified clay throughout the starch matrix, whereas for the unmodified case (with the exceptional increase in the elongation), no intercalation was observed.
机译：生物基纳米复合材料是通过弗劳恩霍夫应用聚合物研究所（IAP）由高直链淀粉合成的纳米粘土和淀粉酯的熔融插层制造而成的。测试了乙酸淀粉（SAs）和丙酸淀粉（SPs）与甘油三乙酸酯（triacetin）作为增塑剂的结合情况，分别使用了不同类型的有机改性蒙脱土（MMT）和高达30 wt％的浓度。注塑测试棒的机械性能通过拉伸实验确定，得出复合材料的强度，模量和伸长率。 X射线衍射（XRD）分析和透射电子显微镜（TEM）用于研究粘土的分散和插层/剥落。使用动态力学分析来跟踪淀粉/粘土杂化材料的储能模量和鞣制行为的温度依赖性。因为它们是性能最好的组合物，所以用5 wt％的纳米粘土填充了具有5 wt％增塑剂的SP和具有20 wt％增塑剂的SA。对于SP，观察到所有粘土的模量都有一定的增加。然而，强度实际上没有变化，并且在大多数情况下伸长率降低。发现2.5重量％的有机改性粘土组合物的一个例外，其中伸长率增加。对于SA，添加5 wt％的纳米粘土总是会提高强度和模量，在一种情况下分别达到60％和75％。在具有5wt％未改性粘土的特定情况下，强度，模量和伸长率分别增加了30％，40％和1000％。这是材料延展性的显着改善，而强度和刚度没有损失。 XRD和TEM揭示了整个淀粉基体中都存在剥离的改性粘土，而对于未改性的情况（伸长率异常增加），未观察到插层。

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