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首页> 外文期刊>Current directions in psychological science: a journal of the American Psychological Society >Flashbulb Memories
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Flashbulb Memories

机译：闪光灯的回忆

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We review and analyze the key theories, debates, findings, and omissions of the existing literature on flashbulb memories (FBMs), including what factors affect their formation, retention, and degree of confidence. We argue that FBMs do not require special memory mechanisms and are best characterized as involving both forgetting and mnemonic distortions, despite their being associated with high levels of confidence. Factual memories for FBM-inducing events generally follow a similar pattern. Although no necessary and sufficient factors straightforwardly account for FBM retention, media attention particularly shapes memory for the events themselves. FBMs are best characterized in terms of repetitions, even of mnemonic distortions, whereas event memories evidence corrections. The bearing of this literature on social identity and traumatic memories is also discussed.
机译：我们回顾并分析了有关闪光灯记忆（FBM）的现有文献的关键理论，辩论，发现和遗漏，包括哪些因素影响了它们的形成，保留和置信度。我们认为，FBM不需要特殊的记忆机制，并且尽管具有较高的置信度，但其最佳特征是涉及遗忘和助记符失真。引发FBM事件的事实记忆通常遵循类似的模式。尽管没有必要和足够的因素直接说明FBM的保留，但媒体的关注尤其会影响事件本身的记忆。 FBM的最佳特征是重复，甚至助记符失真，而事件记忆可证明已纠正。还讨论了这些文献对社会认同和创伤记忆的影响。

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