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Automatic Evaluation

机译:自动评估

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摘要

Humans continuously evaluate aspects of theirenvironment (people, objects, places) in an automaticfashion (i.e., unintentionally, rapidly). Such evaluationscan be highly adaptive, triggering behavioral responsesaway from threats and toward rewards in the environment. Even in the absence of immediate threats andfleetingrewards, the ability to automatically evaluate aspects ofthe environment enables individuals to effortlessly makesense of their world without depleting limited and valuablecognitive resources. We discuss two lines of research onautomatic evaluation: The first demonstrates that peoplecan evaluate a stimulus even when they are not conscious ofthe stimulus and thus unaware of having evaluated it. Thesecond line of work shows that even when people are conscious of a stimulus, they may evaluate it without intendingto do so. We end by discussing current theoretical questionsregarding this topic.
机译:人们以一种自动的方式(即,无意地,迅速地)不断评估其环境的各个方面(人,物体,地方)。这样的评估可能具有高度适应性,可以触发行为响应,使其远离环境中的威胁并获得奖励。即使没有立即的威胁和逃逸回报,自动评估环境各个方面的能力也使个人能够毫不费力地理解自己的世界,而不会耗尽有限和宝贵的认知资源。我们讨论了关于自动评估的两类研究:第一个论证表明,即使人们不知道刺激并因此不知道对其进行评估,人们也可以评估刺激。第二行工作表明,即使人们意识到刺激,他们也可能无意评估刺激。我们首先讨论有关该主题的当前理论问题。

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