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Oriented epitaxial TiO2 nanowires for water splitting

机译：定向外延TiO2纳米线用于水分裂

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摘要

Highly oriented epitaxial rutile titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanowire arrays have been hydrothermally grown on polycrystalline TiO2 templates with their orientation dependent on the underlying TiO2 grain. Both the diameter and areal density of the nanowires were tuned by controlling the precursor concentration, and the template surface energy and roughness. Nanowire tip sharpness was influenced by precursor solubility and diffusivity. A new secondary ion mass spectrometer technique has been developed to install additional nucleation sites in single crystal TiO2 templates and the effect on nanowire growth was probed. Using the acquired TiO2 nanowire synthesis knowhow, an assortment of nanowire arrays were installed upon the surface of undoped TiO2 photo-electrodes and assessed for their photo-electrochemical water splitting performance. The key result obtained was that the presence of short and dispersed nanowire arrays significantly improved the photocurrent when the illumination intensity was increased from 100 to 200 m W cm(-2). This is attributed to the alignment of the homoepitaxially grown nanowires to the [001] direction, which provides the fastest charge transport in TiO2 and an improved pathway for photo-holes to find water molecules and undertake oxidation. This result lays a foundation for achieving efficient water splitting under conditions of concentrated solar illumination.
机译：高度取向的外延金红石二氧化钛（TiO2）纳米线阵列已经在多晶TiO 2模板上水热生长，其取决于底层TiO2晶粒。通过控制前体浓度和模板表面能和粗糙度来调谐纳米线的直径和面密度。纳米线尖端清晰度受前体溶解度和扩散性的影响。已经开发出一种新的二次离子质谱仪技术以在单晶TiO2模板中安装额外的成核位点，并探测了对纳米线生长的影响。使用所获得的TiO2纳米线合成知识，将纳米线阵列的各种分类安装在未掺杂的TiO 2光电极的表面上并评估它们的光电化学水分解性能。得到的关键结果是，当照明强度从100升至200μmWcm（-2）时，短而分散的纳米线阵列的存在显着改善了光电流。这归因于主页生长的纳米线对[001]方向的对准，该方向提供TiO 2中最快的电荷传输和用于光孔的改进的途径，以找到水分子并进行氧化。该结果为在集中的太阳能照明条件下实现了有效的水分裂的基础。

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