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Basic life support.

机译：基础生命支持。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation increases the chances of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Existing bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates are poor. There are several strategies for increasing the frequency and effectiveness of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation. These include simplifying the technique for basic life support, emphasizing the importance of compressions over ventilation, reducing the length of training by using video-based self-instruction and widening the range of those trained to include school children. RECENT FINDINGS: A change in compression-ventilation ratio from 15: 2 to 30: 2 increases the number of compressions delivered. There is some evidence that compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation may increase survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Video-based self-instruction enables laypeople to be trained in basic life support in a fraction of the time of traditional courses. School children can be taught basic life support and can be used to help disseminate the skill. SUMMARY: The optimal basic life support technique that will generate the highest survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest has not been determined, but there is increasing evidence that the existing technique needs to be simplified. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation increases survival but it needs to be undertaken more frequently if overall survival rates are to be improved significantly.
机译：审查目的：旁观者进行心肺复苏可增加院外心脏骤停后的生存机会。现有的旁观者心肺复苏率很低。有几种提高旁观者心肺复苏频率和有效性的策略。这些措施包括简化基本生活支持技术，强调压缩对通气的重要性，通过使用基于视频的自我指导来缩短培训时间以及扩大包括小学生在内的受训人员的范围。最近的发现：压缩通风比从15：2更改为30：2增加了输送的压缩次数。有证据表明，仅加压心肺复苏可以提高院外心脏骤停的生存率。基于视频的自我指导使外行人员可以在传统课程的一小部分时间内接受基本生活支持方面的培训。可以教给小学生基本的生活支持，并可以帮助他们传播技能。简介：尚未确定将通过院外心脏骤停产生最高生存率的最佳基本生命支持技术，但是越来越多的证据表明，现有技术需要简化。旁观者心肺复苏可增加生存率，但要显着提高总体生存率，则需要更频繁地进行。

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