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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Nitric oxide and the respiratory system [Review]
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Nitric oxide and the respiratory system [Review]

机译：一氧化氮与呼吸系统[评论]

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摘要

Nitric oxide (NO) is a significant biologically active molecule; its role in controlling cellular and organ functions, especially the respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous and immune system, has been well established. In the respiratory system, this molecule is responsible for maintaining pulmonary vascular integrity. It improves arterial oxygenation, which may be associated with its action on the distribution of blood flow in the lungs. This property is the basis for inhaled nitric oxide (INO) being employed in the treatment of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), acute respiratory distress syndrome and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. The combined use of NO and oxygen has cumulative effect on the pulmonary haemodynamics and gas exchange. Soldiers of the Indian army deployed at high altitude are prone to develop acute mountain sickness and HAPE. Inhalation of NO is preferred for the treatment of these patients. Clinical application of INO has been frequently tempered by difficulties in safe and accurate INO delivery. NO inhalation has a number of short-term and long-term conflicting effects, and is still at the experimental stage. The fundamental outline of a delivery system should be able to provide for safe gas delivery and accurate gas analysis or monitoring. Clinical interest in the identification of exhaled nitric oxide (ENO) as a marker of diseases is mounting, notably with reference to inflammatory airway diseases. Further studies and standardization of ENO testing are needed to turn these findings into a reliable diagnostic tool.
机译：一氧化氮（NO）是重要的生物活性分子。它在控制细胞和器官功能，尤其是呼吸，心血管，神经和免疫系统中的作用已得到充分确立。在呼吸系统中，该分子负责维持肺血管的完整性。它改善了动脉氧合作用，这可能与其对肺中血流分布的作用有关。此属性是吸入一氧化氮（INO）用于治疗高海拔肺水肿（HAPE），急性呼吸窘迫综合征和新生儿持续性肺动脉高压的基础。 NO和氧气的组合使用对肺血流动力学和气体交换具有累积作用。部署在高空的印度军队士兵很容易患上高山病和HAPE。吸入NO对于这些患者的治疗更为可取。 INO的临床应用经常因安全和准确的INO输送困难而受到限制。 NO吸入有许多短期和长期的矛盾影响，目前仍处于试验阶段。输送系统的基本轮廓应能够提供安全的气体输送以及准确的气体分析或监控。对呼出气一氧化氮（ENO）鉴定为疾病标记的临床兴趣不断增加，尤其是在炎症性气道疾病方面。 ENO测试的进一步研究和标准化需要将这些发现转化为可靠的诊断工具。

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