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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in gastroenterology >Alcohol and the liver.
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Alcohol and the liver.

机译：酒精和肝脏。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To apprise the reader of advances in 2005 in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, prognosis and treatment of alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol use has declined in developed countries, but the opposite is true elsewhere; alcoholic liver disease is a considerable burden worldwide. RECENT FINDINGS: Genetic mechanisms for alcoholic liver disease are being discovered in addition to aggravating cofactors, such as hepatitis C, obesity and iron overload, and ameliorating ones, like coffee and tea drinking. The involvement of the innate immune system and the mechanisms of apoptosis in alcoholic liver disease are better appreciated, especially the emerging role of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Steroid use and nutrition for alcoholic hepatitis are being refined, and the validity of the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score in predicting the outcome of alcoholic liver disease is upheld. Recidivism after liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease adversely impacts long-term survival. SUMMARY: Inroads are being made into the genetics of alcoholic liver disease and new phenomena are being uncovered in its pathogenesis, but safe and effective therapies for both alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis are still wanting.
机译：审查目的：告知读者2005年酒精性肝病的流行病学，发病机制，预后和治疗方面的进展。发达国家的酒精使用量有所下降，但其他国家则相反。酒精性肝病在世界范围内是相当大的负担。最近的发现：除了加剧丙型肝炎，肥胖和铁超负荷等辅助因素以及缓解咖啡和茶饮等辅助因素外，还发现了酒精性肝病的遗传机制。酒精性肝病中先天免疫系统的参与和凋亡机制得到了更好的理解，尤其是肿瘤坏死因子相关的凋亡诱导配体（TRAIL）的新兴作用。改善了类固醇的使用和对酒精性肝炎的营养，维持了终末期肝病（MELD）评分模型预测酒精性肝病结局的有效性。酒精移植性肝病肝移植后的累犯会对长期生存产生不利影响。简介：酒精性肝病的遗传学正在取得进展，其发病机理中正在发现新的现象，但是仍然需要针对酒精性肝炎和酒精性肝硬化的安全有效的疗法。

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