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Treatment of dual diagnosis disorders

机译：双重诊断疾病的治疗

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Purpose of Review: Treatment of dual diagnosis [co-occurrence of a substance use disorder (SUD) in patients with mental illness] poses several challenges for mental health professionals. This article seeks to review the recent advances in dual diagnosis treatment with respect to pharmacotherapy and psychosocial approaches. Recent Findings: Atypical antipsychotics are commonly used for comorbid schizophrenia and SUD. Whereas there is no difference between risperidone and olanzapine, clozapine appears to have a distinct advantage in reducing psychotic symptoms as well as substance abuse (including smoking). There is emerging evidence that quetiapine is beneficial in dually diagnosed patients, particularly using alcohol, cocaine and amphetamine. A combination of naltrexone and sertraline was found to be effective in patients with depressive disorder and alcohol dependence. Effectiveness of atomoxetine is yet to be established in patients with comorbid adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with respect to decrease in substance abuse. Integrated intervention is the choice of treatment for patients with dual diagnosis. Summary: In spite of the high association between substance use and psychiatric disorders, there is a surprising paucity of studies related to treatment and outcome. A few well-designed studies have been recently published and more studies of this nature are required in order to address the challenges posed in the treatment of dual disorders.
机译：审查目的：双重诊断的治疗[精神疾病患者同时发生物质使用障碍（SUD）]对精神卫生专业人员提出了一些挑战。本文旨在回顾关于药物治疗和社会心理方法的双重诊断治疗的最新进展。最新发现：非典型抗精神病药常用于合并症精神分裂症和SUD。利培酮和奥氮平之间没有区别，氯氮平似乎在减轻精神病症状和药物滥用（包括吸烟）方面具有明显的优势。越来越多的证据表明，喹硫平对双重诊断的患者有益，尤其是使用酒精，可卡因和苯丙胺。纳曲酮和舍曲林的组合被发现对抑郁症和酒精依赖患者有效。关于合并使用的成年人注意力缺乏/多动障碍，减少药物滥用，阿托西汀的疗效尚待确定。综合干预是双重诊断患者的治疗选择。简介：尽管药物滥用与精神疾病之间存在高度关联，但与治疗和结果相关的研究却很少。最近发表了一些设计良好的研究，并且需要更多此类研究来解决双重疾病的治疗挑战。

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