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The status and causes of alien species invasion in China

机译：中国外来物种入侵的现状与成因

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摘要

Data of classification, origin, pathway and environmental impacts of invasive alien micro-organisms, invertebrates, amphibians and reptiles, fish, birds, mammals, weeds trees and marine organisms in terrestrial, aquatic and marine ecosystems of China,were analyzed based on hterature retrieval, field survey and consultation. Some 283 invasive alien species were recorded in China, including 19 invasive alien micro-organisms, 18 aquatic plants, 170 terrestrial plants 25 aquatic invertebrates, 33 terrestrial invertebrates, 3 amphibians and reptiles, 10 fish, and 5 mammals, Of the invasive alien species, 5.5.1% originated from North and South America, 21 7% from Europe, 9,9% from Asia, 8.1% from Africa and 0.6% from Oceania, Many institutions and individuals m China lack adequate knowledge of ecological and environmental consequences caused by invasive alien species, with some ignorance of the dangerous invasion in the introduction of alien species. For instance, 50.0% of invasive alien plants were intentionally introduced as pasture, feedmgstuff, ornamental plants, textile plants, medicinal plants, vegetables, or lawn plants 2.5% of alien invasive animals were intentionally introduced for cultivation, ornament, or biological control, In addition, more efforts are being made in the introduction of alien species and little attention ,s paid on the management of introduced alien species, which may cause their escape into natural environment and potential threats to the environment There were'also gapsin quarantine system in China. All microorganisms were unintentionally introduced, through timber, seedling flowerpot, or soil; 76 3% of alien invasive animals invaded through commodity or transportation tacihty because of the failure of quarantine. Therefore, quarantine measures should be strictly implemented; and meanwhile the intentional introduction of alien species should be strictly managed and a system of risk assessment should be implemented.
机译：根据文献检索，分析了中国陆地，水生和海洋生态系统中外来入侵微生物，无脊椎动物，两栖爬行动物，鱼类，鸟类，哺乳动物，杂草和海洋生物的分类，起源，途径和环境影响数据。 ，现场调查和咨询。中国记录了约283种外来入侵物种，其中包括19种外来入侵微生物，18种水生植物，170种陆生植物，25种水生无脊椎动物，33种陆生无脊椎动物，3种两栖和爬行动物，10种鱼类和5种哺乳动物。 ，来自北美和南美的5.5.1％，来自欧洲的21％，来自亚洲的9.9％，来自非洲的8.1％和来自大洋洲的0.6％，中国的许多机构和个人对造成的生态和环境后果缺乏足够的认识通过外来物种的入侵，在引入外来物种的过程中对危险入侵有些无知。例如，故意引入50.0％的外来入侵植物作为牧场，饲料，观赏植物，纺织植物，药用植物，蔬菜或草坪植物，故意引入2.5％的外来入侵动物用于栽培，装饰或生物防治。此外，外来物种的引进工作力度加大，对外来物种的管理工作很少关注，这可能导致外来物种逃逸到自然环境中，并对环境造成潜在威胁。中国的检疫制度也存在空白。所有微生物都是通过木材，苗木花盆或土壤无意引入的; 76由于隔离检疫失败，有3％的外来侵入性动物通过商品或运输方式进行了入侵。因此，应严格执行检疫措施;同时要严格管理外来物种的有意引进，实行风险评估制度。

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