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Connexins, important players in the dissemination of prostate cancer cells

机译:Connexins,传播前列腺癌细胞的重要参与者

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Abstract Over the past 50years, increasing experimental evidences have established that connexins (Cxs) and gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) ensure an important role in both the onset and development of cancerous processes. In the present review, we focus on the impact of Cxs and GJIC during the development of prostate cancer (PCa), from the primary growth mainly localized in acinar glands and ducts to the distant metastasis mainly concentrated in bone. As observed in several other types of solid tumours, Cxs and especially Cx43 exhibit an ambivalent role with a tumour suppressor effect in the early stages and, conversely, a rather pro-tumoural profile for most of invasion and dissemination steps to secondary sites. We report here the current knowledge on the function of Cxs during PCa cells migration, cytoskeletal dynamics, proteinases activities and the cross talk with the surrounding stromal cells in the microenvironment of the tumour and the bones. In addition, we discuss the role of Cxs in the bone tropism even if the prostate model is rarely used to study the complete sequence of cancer dissemination compared to breast cancer or melanoma. Even if not yet fully understood, these recent findings on Cxs provide new insights into their molecular mechanisms associated with progression and bone targeted behaviour of PCa. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Gap Junction Proteins edited by Jean Claude Herve. Highlights ? Epithelial cells of normal prostate express different connexin subtypes. ? In prostate carcinoma progression, Cxs (mainly Cx43) exhibit an ambivalent role. ? A tumour suppressor role of Cxs is demonstrated during primary growth. ? A pro-tumourigenic function of Cx43 is shown during each steps of metastatic cascade. ? Cx43 may act as facilitating metastatic cells implantation in bone.
机译:摘要在过去的50年中,增加了实验证据已经确定了连接蛋白(CXS)和间隙连接细胞间通信(GJIC)确保在癌症过程的发病和发育中具有重要作用。在本综述中,我们专注于CXS和GJIC在前列腺癌(PCA)的发育过程中的影响,主要增长主要是初级腺体和远处转移的管道主要集中在骨中。如在几种其他类型的实体瘤中所观察到的,CXS,特别是CX43在早期阶段的肿瘤抑制作用效应具有矛盾的作用,并相反地,大多数侵袭和传播步骤的相当促动型突破。我们在此报告目前关于CXS在PCA细胞迁移期间的功能的知识,细胞骨骼动力学,蛋白酶活性以及与肿瘤微环境中的周围基质细胞的交叉谈话。此外,我们讨论CXS在与乳腺癌或黑色素瘤相比的癌症传播完整序列的完整序列中,讨论CXS在骨骼上的作用。即使尚未完全明白,CXS最近的发现也为与PCA的进展相关的分子机制提供了新的见解。本文是题为的特殊问题的一部分:Jean Claude Herve编辑的Gap Junction蛋白。强调 ?正常前列腺的上皮细胞表达不同的Connexin亚型。还在前列腺癌进展中,CXS(主要是CX43)表现出矛盾的作用。还在初级生长期间证明了CXS的肿瘤抑制作用。还在转移级联的每个步骤期间示出了CX43的促毒细胞功能。还CX43可以充当促进骨中的转移细胞。

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