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Neurotoxicity of anesthetic drugs: an update

机译：麻醉药的神经毒性：更新

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Purpose of reviewThis article reviews the most recently published evidence that investigated anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in both animals and humans, especially as it pertains to the perinatal period.Recent findingsSeveral recent studies have focused on better understanding the complex mechanisms that underlie intravenous and volatile anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in animals. Adjuvant agents that target these pathways have been investigated for their effectiveness in attenuating the neuroapoptosis and neurocognitive deficits that result from anesthesia exposure, including dexmedetomidine, rutin, vitamin C, tumor necrosis factor , lithium, apocynin, carreic acid phenethyl ester. Five clinical studies, including one randomized control trial, provided inconsistent evidence on anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in humans.SummaryDespite a growing body of preclinical studies that have demonstrated anesthesia-induced neurotoxic effects in the developing and aging brain, their effects on the human brain remains to be determined. The performance of large-scale human studies is limited by several important factors, and noninvasive biomarkers and neuroimaging modalities should be employed to define the injury phenotypes that reflect anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity. Ultimately, the use of these modalities may provide new insights into whether the concerns of anesthetics are justified in humans.
机译：审查目的条件审查了最近出版的证据，尤其如此，尤其是围产期，尤其是围产期所涉及围产期。最近的研究表明，最近的研究更好地了解静脉内和挥发性麻醉的复杂机制 - 诱发动物的神经毒性。靶向这些途径的辅助剂已经研究了它们在衰减麻醉暴露中产生的神经缺陷和神经过度认知缺陷的有效性，包括Dexmedetomidine，Rutin，维生素C，肿瘤坏死因子，锂，Apocynin，Carreic酸苯乙烷酯。五项临床研究，包括一个随机对照试验，提供了对人类麻醉神经毒性的不一致证据。ummaryDesmdimed型临床前研究的身体，表明在发展和老龄化脑中表现出麻醉诱导的神经毒性作用，它们对人脑的影响仍然存在确定。大规模人类研究的性能受到几个重要因素的限制，并且应该使用非侵入性生物标志物和神经影像瘤方式来定义反映麻醉诱导的神经毒性的损伤表型。最终，这些方式的使用可以提供新的见解，以便在人类中对麻醉剂的疑虑是合理的。

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