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首页> 外文期刊>Annual review of cell and developmental biology >Cell Removal: Efferocytosis
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Cell Removal: Efferocytosis

机译：细胞清除：效力细胞症

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摘要

In metazoans, removal of cells in situ is involved in larval maturation, metamorphosis, and embryonic development. In adults, such cell removal plays a role in the homeostatic maintenance of cell numbers and tissue integrity as well as in the response to cell injury and damage. This removal involves uptake of the whole or fragmented target cells into phagocytes. Depending on the organism, these latter may be near-neighbor tissue cells and/or professional phagocytes such as, in vertebrates, members of the myeloid family of cells, especially macrophages. The uptake processes appear to involve specialized and highly conserved recognition ligands and receptors, intracellular signaling in the phagocytes, and mechanisms for ingestion. The recognition of cells destined for this form of removal is critical and, significantly, is distinguished for the most part from the recognition of foreign materials and organisms by the innate and adaptive immune systems. In keeping with the key role of cell removal in maintaining tissue homeostasis, constant cell removal is normally silent, i.e., does not initiate a local tissue reaction. This article discusses these complex and wide-ranging processes in general terms as well as the implications when these processes are disrupted in inflammation, immunity, and disease.
机译：在美唑烷中，原位去除细胞参与幼虫成熟，变态和胚胎发育。在成人中，这种细胞去除在细胞数和组织完整性的稳态维持中起作用以及对细胞损伤和损伤的反应。这种去除涉及将整个或片段化的靶细胞吸收到吞噬细胞中。取决于生物体，这些后者可以是邻近邻居的组织细胞和/或专业吞噬细胞，如脊椎动物，髓样细胞系的成员，尤其是巨噬细胞。摄取过程似乎涉及专业和高度保守的识别配体和受体，吞噬细胞中的细胞内信号传导以及摄入的机制。识别目的地除去这种去除形式的细胞是至关重要的，并且显着涉及由先天和适应性免疫系统识别异物和生物的大部分。在保持细胞去除在保持组织稳态中的关键作用中，恒定的细胞除去通常是沉默的，即，不引发局部组织反应。本文以一般术语讨论了这些复杂和广泛的过程以及这些过程中炎症，免疫和疾病中断时的影响。

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