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首页> 外文期刊>Autonomic neuroscience: basic & clinical >Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Women With Preexisting Immunity: Sources of Infection and Mechanisms of Infection in the Presence of Antiviral Immunity
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Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Women With Preexisting Immunity: Sources of Infection and Mechanisms of Infection in the Presence of Antiviral Immunity

机译：患有预先存在的免疫的妇女的人巨细胞病毒感染：抗病毒免疫情况下感染的感染和感染机制

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摘要

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection remains an important cause of neurodevelopmental sequelae in infants infected in utero. Unique to the natural history of perinatal HCMV infections is the occurrence of congenital HCMV infections (cCMV) in women with existing immunity to HCMV, infections that have been designated as nonprimary maternal infection. In maternal populations with a high HCMV seroprevalence, cCMV that follows nonprimary maternal infections accounts for 75%-90% of all cases of cCMV infections as well as a large proportion of infected infants with neurodevelopmental sequelae. Although considerable effort has been directed toward understanding immune correlates that can modify maternal infections and intrauterine transmission, the source of virus leading to nonprimary maternal infections and intrauterine transmission is not well defined. Previous paradigms that included reactivation of latent virus as the source of infection in immune women have been challenged by studies demonstrating acquisition and transmission of antigenically distinct viruses, a finding suggesting that reinfection through exposure to an exogenous virus is responsible for some cases of nonprimary maternal infection. Additional understanding of the source(s) of virus that leads to nonprimary maternal infection will be of considerable value in the development and testing of interventions such as vaccines designed to limit the incidence of cCMV in populations with high HCMV seroprevalence.
机译：人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）感染仍然是子宫感染婴儿神经发育后遗症的重要原因。围产期HCMV感染的自然历史是独一无二的，是在患有HCMV的患者的妇女中的先天性HCMV感染（CCMV）发生，已被指定为非母体感染的感染。在具有高HCMV Seropropalences的母体人群中，遵循非母体感染的CCMV占所有CCMV感染病例的75％-90％，以及具有神经发育后遗症的大部分感染婴儿。虽然已经针对理解可修饰母体感染和宫内传播的免疫相关性的努力，但导致非母体感染和宫内传播的病毒来源并不明确。以前的范例包括在抗原妇女的感染源作为感染源的重新激活，通过研究证明了抗原性不同病毒的获取和传播，提示通过暴露于外源病毒的发现是对一些非母体感染病例的调查。额外了解导致非母亲感染的病毒来源将在开发和测试中具有相当大的价值，例如旨在限制具有高HCMV Seroprevalencess的群体中CCMV发病率的疫苗。

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