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Analysis of sulfate aerosols over Austria: a case study

机译：奥地利硫酸盐气溶胶分析 - 以案例研究

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An increase in the sulfate aerosols observed in the period 1–6 April 2014 over Austria is analyzed using in situ measurements at an Austrian air quality background station, lidar measurements at the closest EARLINET stations around Austria, CAMS near-real-time data, and particle dispersion modeling using FLEXPART, a Lagrangian transport model.In situ measurements of SO_2, PM2.5, PM10, and O_3 were performed at the air quality background station Pillersdorf, Austria (EMEP station AT30, 48-430 N, 15-550 E).A CAMS aerosol mixing ratio analysis for Pillersdorf and the lidar stations Leipzig, Munich, Garmisch, and Bucharest indicates the presence of an event of aerosol transport, with sulfate and dust as principal components.For the sulfate layers identified at Pillersdorf from the CAMS analysis, backwardand forward-trajectory analyses were performed, associating lidar stations with the trajectories.The lidar measurements for the period corresponding to trajectory overpass of associated stations were analyzed, obtaining the aerosol layers, the optical properties, and the aerosol types.The potential sources of transported aerosols were determined for Pillersdorf and the lidar stations using the source–receptor sensitivity computed with FLEXPART, combined with the MACCity source inventory.A comparative analysis for Pillersdorf and the trajectory-associated lidar stations showed consistent aerosol layers, optical properties and types, and potential sources.A complex pattern of contributions to sulfate over Austria was found in this paper.For the lower layers (below 2000 m) of sulfate, it was found that central Europe was the main source of sulfate.Medium to smaller contributions come from sources in eastern Europe, northwest Africa, and the eastern US.For the middle-altitude layers (between 2000 and 5000 m), sources from central Europe (northern Italy, Serbia, Hungary) contribute with similar emissions.Northwest Africa and the eastern US also have important contributions.
机译：在奥地利最近的Earlinet站，在奥地利最近的earlinet站，在奥地利近期实时数据，使用原位测量，分析了在2014年4月1日over奥地利期间观察到奥地利的硫酸盐气溶胶的增加。使用FlexPart，Lagrangian传输模型的粒子分散模型。在SO_2，PM2.5，PM10和O_3的原位测量中，在空气质量背景电台Pillersdorf，奥地利（EMEP站AT30,48-430 N，15-550 E. ）。CAMS气溶胶混合比率分析和LIPZIG，慕尼黑，GARMISCH和布加勒斯特的Liipzig和Cucharest表示存在气溶胶运输的情况，硫酸盐和灰尘作为主要成分。在凸轮上鉴定硫酸盐层。从凸轮上识别硫酸盐层分析，对后向前轨迹分析进行了分析，将LIDAR站与轨迹相关联。激光雷达测量对应于相关STA的轨迹立交分分析，获得气溶胶层，光学性质和气溶胶类型。使用用Flexpart计算的源 - 受体敏感性来确定用于Pillersdorf和LIDAR站的潜在来源，与MacCity Source Inventory结合起来Pillersdorf的比较分析和轨迹相关的激光雷达站显示出一致的气溶胶层，光学性质和类型，以及潜在来源。在本文中发现了对奥地利血液对硫酸盐的复杂贡献模式。对于下层（低于2000米）硫酸盐发现，中欧是硫酸盐的主要来源。导明到较小的贡献来自东欧，西北非洲和美国东部的来源。对于中高空层（在2000年至5000米之间）来源，来自中欧（意大利北部，塞尔维亚，匈牙利）贡献了类似的排放。北非非洲和美国东部也有重要贡献。

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